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Ecology
Key Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Population | group of individuals belonging to one species found in a particular place at a particular time |
| Ecosystem | all the living organisms living in a particular area as well as the non living or physical features of their environment |
| Abiotic factor | ecological factor that is part of the non living or physical environment of an organism e.g. rainfall, temperature, soil pH |
| Community | all the living organisms found in a particular place at a particular time |
| Anthropogenic factors | ecological factor arising human activity that affects the organisms living in an ecosystem |
| Edaphic factor | ecological factor that is part of the abiotic or non living environment of an organism and relates to the soil |
| Autotrophs | method of nutrition in which an organism builds up the organic molecules it requires from small inorganic molecules. Energy source is required. |
| Phototrophs | energy source is light |
| Chemotrophs | energy source is another chemical reaction |
| Habitat | a particular place where a community of organisms is found |
| Competition | relationship between organisms that require the same resources |
| Interspecific | competition between different species |
| Intraspecific | competition between different organisms belonging to the same species |
| Speciation | the formation of a new species (individuals isolated from the rest of the population) |
| Climax community | different species of organisms that make up the final stage in ecological succession. One species usually dominates. |
| Detritivores | primary consumers that feed on dead organic matter called detritus. e.g. woodlice, freshwater shrimp |
| Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) | total rate at which energy is converted into organic molecules by an ecosystem |
| Net Primary Productivity (NPP) | rate at which energy is converted into NEW plant biomass from organic molecules. |
| Decomposer | species of bacteria + fungi that feeds on dead remains and faeces |
| Predator | organism that feeds on another organism KILLING it before eating it. |
| Parasite | organism that lives in or on a host organism and gains an advantage from this relationship while the host suffers a disadvantage |
| Succession | change that occurs in the plant species/ commmunity over period of time. |
Created by:
07blandforderin
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