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Correlation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Avoid what two 5 letter words? | Truth and Prove |
| Instead say... | Evidence and Support |
| What is a powerful way to detect causation? | Manipulated experiments |
| Elements of experiments | Use replicates / Use controls / Change one variable at a time |
| Three studies with different methods | Correlation / Development of models / Experimentation |
| What is an example of correlation study? | Peter and Rosemary Grant studying the survival and reproduction of Darwin's finches |
| What was the main focus of Peter and Rosemary Grant's study? | Beak because it is their source in opening their seeds |
| What did the Grants and their students do in caluculating facts? | --- |
| 1st | Banded birds so they could be recognized individually |
| 2nd | Measured many features of each bird |
| 3rd | Measured kinds and sizes of seeds available over time |
| 4th | Kept track of the number of birds alive |
| What caused a breeding season to pass w/o reproduction? | A severe drought |
| What dropped during the severe droughts? | Number of birds and abundance of seeds |
| What is involved in the finch study? | Correlation and causation |
| What were the remaining seeds available? | The seeds larger and harder |
| What happened to beak size as the seeds got larger and harder? | The small beaks die out and the beak size evolved |
| What do beaks determine? | Life or death because it is a survival tool and the amount of food needed |
| Conclusion | Lack of rain > lack of seeds > lack of bird population |
| An experimental study: Anders Moller- Why do male barn swallows have longer tails than females? | Males swallows had more offspring than males with short tails |
| How did they manipulate tail size in determining the true factor? | Shortened tail / Lengthened tail / Normal tail / Cut and re-glue tail |