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Genetics and Society

Exam 1

QuestionAnswer
Isolated a phosphorus- rich substance called nuclein from puss soaked bandages salved from a German hospital? Friedrich Miescher
Researched on the fruit fly; uncovered the basis of genetic linkage. Thomas Hunt Morgan
Uncovered the basic rules of inheritance using the pea plant; found that inheritance is particulate with each trait being based on two factors with one or the other factor being passed on intact from parent to offspring. Gregor Mendel
19th century researcher studied the roundworm (Ascaris) and found that germ line cells have half the number of chromosomes than somatic line cells Theodore Boveri
Clipped the tails off of mice generation after generation to test the idea of inheritance of acquired characters August Weismann
19th century researcher; came up with the first viable mechanism by which evolutionary change may occur; based on the differential survival and reproduction of different variants in the population Charles Darwin
Expert in X-ray crystallography data and adopted a model buiding approach to finally decipher the structure of the DNA molecule James Watson
18th and early 19th century researcher; hypothesized that evolution worked through a model of inheritance of acquired characteristics Jean- Baptiste Lamarck
The process of copying messenger RNA from a DNA template Transcription
The process of producing polypeptide sequences from a messenger RNA sequence. Translation
Exchange between two homologous chromosomes resulting in new combinations of alleles across different loci Recombination
Type of bond occuring between complimentary bases holds the two strands of the double stranded DNA molecule together Hydrogen Bonds
the enzyme that unwinds doule stranded DNA at the replication fork Helicase
The Messelson- Stahl experiment demonstrated the DNA replication is... Semiconservative
Chromosomes consist of chromatin, a material made of... DNA and proteins
In eukaryotic organisms, genes are transcribed int RNA molecules that in turn undergo processing that removes certain segments called... Introns
The inheritance of cytosine bases that have been methylated in a parent is an example of... Epigenetics
Genes can be regulated by... splicing out different bits of RNA, turning transcription on or off, making mRNA molecules more or less stable, controlling the timing of translation
The proportion of the phenotypic variation thast is due to genetic variation Heritability
Genes thgat are widely expressed across many differnt types of cells because they encode for proteins vital to the basic function of all cells Housekeeping Genes
DNA may be transcribed into... tRNA, mRNA, or rRNA
Created by: 100005879671706
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