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HIV/AIDS

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

QuestionAnswer
What does HIV stand for? Human Immunodeficiency Virus
What does AIDS stand for? Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Syndrome A collection of symptoms relating to the same cause
What type of glycoprotein is present on the HIV virus? gp120
What type of nucleic acid does a HIV virus contain? RNA (2 copies)
What is a retrovirus? contains RNA and uses reverse transcriptase
Name the two viral proteins present in HIV reverse transcriptase intergrase
Where does the HIV virus acquired the lipid bilayer from? Host's cell surface memebrane
Name the receptor gp120 binds to. CD4 second receptor
Where are CD4 receptors present? Cell surface of T helper cells and macrophages
What is reverse transcriptase used for? reverse transcription
What is intergrase used for? HIV DNA is intergrated into host DNA using host nucleotides
Once the HIV genome is present within host DNA what occurs next. HIV DNA is transcribed creating new viral particles
What does these new viral particles contain? new proteins, glycoproteins and RNA
How are these viruses described to leave the T helper cell. they 'bud' out
How is the T helper cell killed? lysis, cell surface membrane removed to create outer envelope for viral particles. T killer cells
A loss in the number of T helper cells results in ... macrophages, B cells and T killers not being activated therefore not functioning
Name the three phases in HIV Acute phase Chronic/latent phase Disease phase
Acute phase minor/no symptoms 3-12 weeks HIV antibodies appear T helper cells lost due to rapid replication of virus and destroyed by T killer cells
Chronic/latent phase little/no symptoms increased tendancy to suffer infections slow to go away dorment diseases reactivate
Disease phase AIDS decline in T helper cells opportunistic infections
How long can the chronic phase last? 20+ years with drug treatment, if fit healthy and young
Created by: 07blandforderin
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