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1st semester Vocab

10 pts. for the Wonderful Winter Wrap Up Project

TermDefinition
Graduated cylinder An instrument used to measure the volume of an object.
Triple beam balance An instrument used to measure the mass of an object.
Observations Observations are made using one or more of your senses to gather information.
Inferences Inferences are made when a reasoned opinion is made based on observations and experiences.
Predictions A prediction is an opinion about what will happen in the future.
Chemical change A chemical change occurs when a chemical reaction takes place and the substances created during a chemical reaction are completely differently from the original substances.
isotope When there are a different number of neutrons than protons in an atom.
ion When there are a different number of electrons than protons in an atom.
groups The vertical rows on the Periodic Table.
periods The horizontal rows on the Periodic Table.
1st law An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion until acted on by an unbalanced force.
2nd law States that the acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied to the object.
3rd law States that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
speed formula s=d/t
unbalanced force All forces acting on the object are not equal.
light year The distance it takes light to travel in space.
Osillating theory The idea that big bangs follow big crunches in a never ending cycle.
Big Bang theory The idea that the universe started out as a condensed mass a few millimeters across. It existed for a fraction of a second before an explosion caused the universe to expand very quickly, and it is still expanding, at a slower rate, today.
Steady State theory Herman Bondi stated that everything in the universe looks essentially the same from every spot at any time.
HR diagram A diagram that graphs the temperature and luminosity of all stars and easily shows each star in relation to another.
Apparent Magnitude The apparent magnitude of a star describes how bright a star appears as viewed from Earth.
Absolute Magnitude The absolute magnitude of a star describes how bright a star actually is.
Elliptical galaxies Galaxies that contain older stars and very little gas and dust, they vary in shapes from spherical to football-shaped.
Irregular galaxies Galaxies that have undefined shapes and consists of very, young starts, gas, and dust.
Spiral galaxies Galaxies that resembles a pinwheel with arms that spiral outwards as it rotates and contain more middle-aged stars along with clouds of dust and gas.
Created by: s0205202
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