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Enzymes

Bio12

TermDefinition
activation energy Energy which must be added to make molecules react Enzymes lower the energy of activation of specific reactions
biochemical reaction Chemical reactions taking place in biological systems - animals and plants
coenzyme organic nonprotein cofactors
competitive inhibitor inhibitor that occupies the active site of an enzyme or the binding Site of a receptor and prevents the normal substrate from binding
enzyme Protein molecule which functions as a catalyst to speed up rate of chemical reaction lower the energy of activation of specific reactions Enzyme binds substrate to form a complex
enzyme activity increases as substrate concentration increases because there are more collisions between substrate and enzyme
enzyme concentration Cell regulates metabolism by regulating which enzymes are active Genes producing enzymes can be turned on or off to regulate enzyme concentration
heavy metal A metal of relatively high density or of high relative atomic weight
induced fit model substrate and active site shapes don’t match exactly -Active site is induced to undergo a slight change in shape to accommodate substrate binding
metabolism All of the chemical reactions that occur in cells
non-competitive inhibitor inhibitory effect on a metabolic function, such as an enzyme, not based on competition for the binding site of the naturally occurring substrate
ph Each enzyme has an optimal pH Enzyme structure is pH dependent Extremes of pH can denature an enzyme by altering its structure
substrate concentration Enzyme activity increases as substrate concentration increases because there are more collisions between substrate and enzyme
thyroid Consists of two lobes located on the ventral surface of the trachea – Produces two iodine-containing hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)
thyroxin hormone produced in the Thyroid gland that controls the metabolic rate
vitamins Coenzymes include vitamins such as niacin, folic acid, and thiamin.
substrate Reactants in an enzymatic reaction
Created by: alubbe
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