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chapter 20
humidity
Term | Definition |
---|---|
latent heat | Latent heat is released or absorbed when water changes from one state to another. |
sublimation | when a solid turns directly into a gas. |
dew point | When air reaches the dew point, the rate of condensation equals the rate of evaporation. Below the dew point, net condensation or deposition causes dew or frost to form. |
Absolute humidity | Absolute humidity is the mass of water vapor contained in a given volume of air. |
relative humidity | Relative humidity is a ratio of the actual amount of water vapor in the air to the amount of water vapor needed to reach saturation. |
cloud | Clouds form when water vapor cools and condenses on condensation nuclei. |
condensation nucleus | Clouds form when water vapor cools and condenses on condensation nuclei. |
adiabatic cooling | Water vapor can cool and condense by adiabatic cooling, by the mixing of two bodies of moist air that have different temperatures |
advective cooling | by the lifting of air, and by advective cooling |
stratus cloud | gray cloud that has a flat, uniform base and that commonly forms at very low altitudes |
cumulus clouds | low-level, billowy cloud that commonly has a top that resembles cotton balls and a dark bottom |
cirrus cloud | feathery cloud that is composed of ice crystals and that has the highest altitude of any cloud in the sky |
fog | Fog forms when air near Earth’s surface is chilled below the dew point |