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Waves & Sound
Sound Waves
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Wave | when energy disturbs the particles in something it travels in this |
| Medium | the material that a wave travels through (solid, liquid, or gas) |
| Crest | the highest point on a wave |
| Trough | the lowest point on a wave |
| Resting point | when a wave has no energy and is "flat" |
| Amplitude | a measure of how far the particles in a medium move away from the rest position (from rest to crest) |
| wavelength | the distance from crest to crest or trough to trough (measures one cycle or repetition) |
| Transverse wave | particles move up and down; perpendicular to the way that the wave is traveling Example: earthquake waves |
| Longitudinal wave | particles move back and forth in the same direction that the wave travels Example: sound |
| Frequency | measures wave speed and is expressed in Hertz. Found by counting how many crests go by in 1 second. Can be high or low. |
| Wave speed | When a wave goes through something hot and/or very dense, this will increase. If it travels through something cold or not very dense, this will decrease. |
| Pitch | measures how fast a wave is traveling in hertz; how HIGH or LOW a sound is as the wave's wavelength changes. |
| Loudness | how well a sound can be heard or how much energy a sound has. Changes when the amplitude gets taller or shorter. |
| Hertz | Unit that measures how fast a wave is traveling, or the pitch of a sound wave. |
| decibels | Unit that measures how loud that a sound is. |
| Sound | a wave made from vibrations. It causes the particles to vibrate back and forth. Must have a medium to travel, therefore it CANNOT travel in space. |
| Electromagnetic/Light Wave | The one type of wave that CAN travel in space because it doesn't need a medium to travel. |
| Cochlea | The part of your ear that is filled with liquid and tiny hair cells. |
| Solid | A medium that sound can travel the fastest through. |
| Vacuum | A place where there is no air, sound can't travel here. |
| Gas | A medium that sound travels the slowest through. |
| Doppler Effect | When something making sound (fire truck) is moving past you and you here a change in the pitch of the sound (even though it didn't really change). |
| Resonance | when the natural frequency of an object is matched and it causes the object to vibrate (finger around glass, shattering glass with voice, musical instruments, etc.) |
| Sonic Boom | Going faster than the speed of sound (over 750 mph) and breaking the sound barrier creates this. |
| Hammer, Anvil, and Stirrup | Tiny bones in your ear that are connected and pass along the sound wave to help you hear. |
Created by:
wwmsScience6
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