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Endocrinology
Med term test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| T/F- When two hormones work together to accomplish an enhanced effect, this is called synergism. | true |
| The pituitary gland is known as the "master gland". What portion of the brain controls this "master gland". | Hypothalamus |
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone secreted from? | anterior pituitary |
| Oxytocin secreted from? | posterior pituitary |
| T3 secreted from? | thyroid gland |
| Pancreas secretes? | insulin and glucagon |
| adrenal cortex secretes? | aldosterone and cortisol |
| adrenal medulla secretes? | Epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| Testes secretes? | testosterone |
| Ovaries secrete? | estradiol |
| Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyposecretion, absence of, our resistance to what hormone? | insulin |
| What is the Hemoglobin A1C test used for? | Finding the average blood glucose level over time |
| Prefix -eu means? | normal, good |
| The two glands which control calcium level in the blood are: | thyroid and parathyroid |
| What type of cells (specifically) secrete insulin? | beta cells |
| Transsphenoidal hypophysectomy is a surgical operation on which gland? | pituitary gland |
| Precocious puberty means: | early onset puberty |
| The function of the endocrine system is homeostasis. Homeostasis is most accurately defined as: | state of internal equilibrium |
| What is a symptom of hyperparathyroidism? | weak bones |
| T/F-Cushing's syndrome is caused by a hyposecretion of cortisol. | false |
| Stimulates contraction of the uterus | oxytocin |
| Causes the kidneys to reabsorb water and decrease urine production | anti-diuretic hormone-ADH |
| Stimulates sperm production in males and the development of a mature ovum in females | follicle stimulating hormones-FSH |
| Stimulates the adrenal cortex to release its hormones. | Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) |
| Increases blood glucose by stimulating glycogen break down | Glucocorticoids (cortisol, etc.) |
| Decreases blood glucose by transporting glucose into cells | insulin |
| Triggers the body's "fight or flight" response | epinephrine |
| Decreases blood calcium by depositing calcium on bones | Calcitonin |
| Another name for the anterior pituitary gland is: | adenohypophysis |
| Crin/o | secrete |
| Home/o | same |
| -stasis | condition of staying still |
| Glandul/o, aden/o | gland |
| Adren/o | adrenal gland |
| Cortic/o | cortex |
| Trop/o | stimulating |
| Pituit/o, hypophys/o | pituitary gland |
| Thyr/o | thyroid gland |
| Gluc/o, glycos/o | glucose |
| Somat/o | body |
| -gen | that which produces |
| -ism | Process; disease from a specific cause |
| -oid | resembling |
| para- | Beside; apart from; abnormal |
| syn- | together |
| Hyposecretion of ADH causes polyuria and polydipsia (excessive thirst) | diabetes insipidus |
| Hypersecretion of melatonin; causes depression and weight gain | seasonal affective dissorder |
| Hypersecretion of T3 and T4 causes weight loss, fatigue, and numerous other symptoms | hyperthyroidism |
| An autoimmune version of hyperthyroidism | graves disease |
| Hyposecretion of T3 and T4. Can be caused by insufficient iodine in the diet. | hypothyroidism |
| Chronic inflammation and progressive destruction of the thyroid | thyroiditis |
| Results in hypercalcemia, and the bones become weak. | Hyperparathyroidism |
| High levels of insulin cause hypoglycemia. Can result in coma if adenoma not removed. | Hyperinsulinism |
| Hypersecretion of insulin not caused by an adenoma. The body’s cell receptors become insulin resistant, and diabetes mellitus is developed. | Insulin Resistance Syndrome |
| Inherited disease where no insulin is produced. Childhood onset. | diabetes mellitus-type 1 |
| Low levels of insulin or insulin resistance. Due to genetic and environmental factors | diabetes mellitus-type 2 |
| Aka a water deprivation test. Determines ADH secretion by measuring urine concentration. | ADH stimulation test |
| Test which measures glucose and ketones in the urine. Used to evaluate diabetic patients. | urine dipstick |
Created by:
knrob14
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