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SLSBio12DNA(KS)

SLSBio12DNAProteinSynthesis(KS)

TermDefinition
Complementary Base Pairing The standard arrangement of bases in nucleotides in relation to their opposite pairing, such as thymine being paired with adenine and cytosine paired with guanine.
DNA Helicase The enzyme that is capable of unwinding the double helix structure of dna
DNA Polymerase a cellular or viral polymerase enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from their nucleotide building blocks
Recombinant DNA molecules are DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods of genetic recombination
Replication the process of copying a double-stranded DNA molecule
Semi-Conservative Replication the mechanism by which DNA is replicated in all known cells
Anti-Codon A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides located on one end of transfer RNA
Codon A set of three adjacent nucleotides, also called triplet, in mRNA
DNA Sequence (Genetic Code) the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells
Elongation addition of amino acids to the growing protein chain
Environmental Mutagen An agent, such as ultraviolet light or a radioactive element, that can induce or increase the frequency of mutation in an organism
Genetic Disorder an illness caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome
Initiation Starting point of replication or translation
mRNA It carries the genetic blueprint of the DNA to the ribosomes
Mutation a change of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism
Terinmation stop of mRNA synthesis at the terminator site with a stop codon
Transcription the process of transcribing or making a copy of genetic information stored in a DNA strand into a complementary strand of RNA
tRNA RNA involved in protein synthesis, transporting specific amino acid to the ribosome to be added onto the growing polypeptide chain
Translation the process in which cellular ribosomes create proteins
Created by: ksomji
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