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CNA
Terms and Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Providers | Are people or organizations that provide health care, including doctors, nurses, clinics, and agencies. |
| Facilities | Are places where care is delivered or administered, including hospitals, longterm care facilities or nursing homes, and treatment centers. |
| Payers | Are people or organizations paying for healthcare services. These include insurance, government programs like Medicare and Medicaid, and the individual person needing care. |
| Long-term care (LTC) | Is given in long-term care facilities (LTCF) for people who need 24-hour, supervised nursing care. |
| Length Of Stay | The number of days a person stays in a healthcare facility may be short, such as a few days or a few months or longer than six months. |
| Terminal Illness | Which means the person is expected to die from the illness. |
| Chronic | This means they last a long period of time, even a lifetime. Chronic conditions include physical disabilities, heart disease, stroke, and dementia. |
| Residents | People who live in Long Term Care Facilities. |
| Home Health Care | Takes place in a person's home. |
| Diagnoses | People who need long-term care will have different diagnoses, or medical conditions determined by a doctor. |
| Assisted Living | Facilities provide some help with daily care, such as showers, meals, and dressing. Help with medications may also be given at assisted living facilities. (People who live in these facilities do not need 24-hour care.) |
| Adult Day Care | Is care given at a facility during daytime working hours. |
| Acute Care | Is given in the hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers. It is for people who have an immediate illness. |
| Skilled Care | Is medically necessary care given by a skilled nurse or therapist. Rhis care is available 24 hours a day. It is ordered by a doctor, and invloves a treatment plan. |
| Subacute Care | Can be given in a hospital or in a long-term care facility. (Subacute care is given to people who have had an acute injury or illness or problem resulting from a disease.) |
| Outpatient Care | is usually given for less than 24 hours. It is for people who have had treatments or surgery and need short-term skilled care. |
| Rehabilitation | Is care given in facilities or homes by a specialist. Physical, occupational and speech therapists restore or improve function after an illness or injury. |
| Hospice Care | Is given in facilities or homes for people who have six months or less to live. Hospice workers give physical and emotional care and comfort, while also supporting families. |
| Health maintenance Organiztions | created by a reaction to the increased costs of traditional insurance plans, many employers and employees belong to. |
| HMO's | HMO's require that you use a particular doctor or group of doctors except in case of emergency. |
| Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs) | A PPO is a network of providers that contract to provide health services to a group of people. Employees are given incentives to use network providers. Employers are given reduced, fee-for-service rates for getting employees to participate in the network. |
| Managed Care | HMO's and PPO's continue to replace traditional insurance plans. This affects the amount and quality of health care provided. These cost control strategies are often a form of managed care. |
| Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) | Personal care includes bathing, skin, nail and hair care, and assistance with walking, eating, dressing, transferring, and toileting. |
| Catheters | A thin tube inserted into the body that is used to drain fluids or inject fluids. |
| Dementia | Is defined as the loss of mental abilities, such as thinking, remembering, reasoning, and communicating. |
| Policy | Is a course of action that should be taken every time a certain situation occurs. |
| Procedure | Is a method, or way, of doing something. |
| Cite | Means to find a problem through a survey. |
| Joint Commission | Is an independent, not-for-profit organization that evaluates and accredits healthcare organizations. |
| Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) | Is a federal agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. |
| Medicare | Is a health insurance program that was established in 1965 for people aged 65 or older. It also covers people of any age with permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities. |
| Medicaid | Is a medical assistance program for low0income people. It is funded by both the federal government and each state. |
| Culture Change | Is a term given to the process of transforming services for elders so that they are based on the values and practices of the person receiving care. |
| Nursing Assistant/Certified Nursing Assistant | The nursing assistant performs delegated tasks, such as taking vital signs, and provides routine personal care, such as bathing residents and helping with toileting. |
| Registered Nurse (RN) | A registered nurse is a licensed professional who has completed two to four years of education. |
| Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) | A licensed practical nurse or licensed vocational nurse is a licensed professional who has completed one to two years of education. They administers medication and gives treatments. LPNs ma also supervise nursing assistants' daily care of residents. |
| Physician or Doctor | A doctor's job is to diagnose disease or disability and prescribe treatment. |
| Physical Therapist (PT) | A physical therapist evaluates a person and develops a treatment plan to increase movement, improve circulation, promote healing, reduce pain, prevent disability, and help the resident regain or maintain mobility. |
| Occupational Therapist (OT) | An occupational therapist helps residents learn to compensate for disabilities. An OT helps residents perform ADLs. |
| Assisted or Adaptive Devices | Tools to assist with ADLs |
| Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP) | A speech-language pathologist helps with speech and swallowing problems, identifies communication disorders, addresses factors involved in recovery, and develops a plan of care to meet short and long term recovery goals, teaches exercises to help the resi |
| Registered Dietitian (RD) | A registered dietitian creates diets for residents with special needs. |
| Medical Social Worker (MSW) | A medical social worker determines residents' needs and helps get them support services, such as counseling, personal items, book appointments and transportation. |
| Activities Director | Plans activities for residents to help them socialize and stay physically and mentally active. |
| Resident and Resident's Family | Are people who may choose and participate in the clients care plan. |
| Delegation | Means transferring authority to a person for a specific task. |
| Charting | Is writing down important information about the resident |
| Professional | Means having to do with work or a job |
| Personal | refers to your life outside your job, such as your family, friends, and home life. |
| Professionalism | Is how you behave when you are on the job. |
| Compassionate | Is being caring, concerned, considerate, empathetic, and understanding |
| Empathy | Means entering into the feelings of others. |
| Sympathy | Means sharing in the feelings and difficulties of others. |
| Honest | A person who is honest tells the truth and can be trusted. |
| Tact | Is the ability to understand what is proper and appropriate when dealing with others. |
| Conscientious | People who always try to do their best. They are guided by a sense of right and wrong and have principles. |
| Dependable | Nursing assistants must make and keep commitments, report to work on time, must skillfully do assigned tasks, avoid too many absences, and help your peers when they need it. |
| Respectful | Means Valuing other people's individuality including: age, religion, culture, feelings, and beliefs. Being polite and kind. |
| Unprejudiced | Giving each resident the same quality care regardess of age, gender, sexual orientation, religion, race, ethnicity, or condition. |
| Tolerant | To care for each resident as assigned, not to judge him or her. Putting aside your opinions, and see each resident as an individual who needs your care. |
| Liability | Is a legal term that means someone can be held responsible for harming someone else. |
| Scope Of Practice | Defines the things you are allowed to do and how to do them correctly |
| Assessment | Getting information about the resident's status from different sources, including medical history, physical assessment, and environment, and reviewing this information |
| Diagnosis | Identifying the health problems after looking at all the resident's needs. |
| Planning | Setting goals and creating a care plan to meet the resident's needs. |
| Implementation | Putting the care plan into action; giving care. |
| Evaluation | A careful examination to see if the goals are being met. |
| Plan ahead | Planning is the single best way to help you manage your time better. |
| Prioritize | Identify the most important things to get done. |
| Make A Schedule | Write out the hours of the day and fill in when you will do what |
| Combine Activities | Can you visit with residents while providing care? Work more efficiently when you can. |
| Get Help | It is not reasonable for you to do everything. Sometimes you will need help to ensure a resident's safety. |
| Ethics | Are the knowledge of right and wrong. |
| Laws | are usually based on ethics, laws tell us what we must do. |
| Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) | OBRA set minimum standards for nursing assistant training. |
| Minimum Data Set (MDS) | Is a detailed form with guidelines for assessing residents. |
| Residents' Rights | relate to how residents must be treated while living in a facility. |
| Quality of life | Residents have the right to the best care available. |
| Services and activities to maintain a high level of wellness | Residents must receive the correct care. Their care should keep them as healthy as possible every day. |
| The right to be fully informed about rights and services | Residents must be told what care and services are available. |
| The right to participate in their own care | Residents have the right to participate in planning their treatment, care, and discharge. |
| Informed Consent | Is the process by which a person with the help of a doctor, makes informed decisions about his or her health care. |
| The right to make independent choices | Residents can make choices about their doctors, care and treatment. |
| The right to privacy and confidentiality | Residents can expect privacy when care is given. |
| The right to dignity, respect, and freedom | Residents must be respected and treated with dignity by caregivers. |
| The right to security of possessions | Residents' personal possessions must be safe at all times. They cannot be taken or used by anyone without a resident's permission. |
| Rights during transfers and discharges | Location changes must be made safely and with the residents knowledge and consent. Residents have the right to stay in a facility unless a transfer or discharge is needed. |
| The right to complain | Residents have the right to make complaints and voice grievances without fear of punishment. Facilities must work quickly to try to resolve complaints. |
| The right to visits | Residents have the right to visits from family, friends, doctors, clergy members, groups, and others. |
| Rights with regard to social services | The care facility must provide residents with access to social services, including counseling, assistance in solving problems with others, and helping contacting legal and financial professionals. |
| Neglect | Means harming a person physically, mentally, or emotionally by failing to provide needed care. Neglect can be divided into two categories: Active neglect and passive neglect |
| Active Neglect | is purposely harming a person by failing to provide needed care. |
| Passice Neglect | is unintentionally harming a person physically, mentally, or emotionally by failing to provide needed care. |
| Negligence | Means actions, or the failure to act or provide the proper care for a resident, that result in unintended injury. |
| Malpractice | occurs when a person is injured due to professional misconduct through negligence, carelessness, or lack of skill. |
| Abuse | Means purposely causing physical, mental or emotional pain or injury to someone. |
| Physical Abuse | refers to any treatment, intentional or not, that causes harm to a person's body. |
| Psychological Abuse | is emotionally harming a person by threatening, scaring, humiliating, intimidating, isolating, insulting, or treating him or her as a child. |
| Verbal Abuse | Involves the use of language-spoken or written-that threatens embarrasses, or insults a person |
| Assault | is threatening to touch a person without his or her permission. The person feels fearful that he or she will be harmed. |
| Battery | Means a person is actually touched without his or her permission |
| Sexual Abuse | is forcing a person to perform or participate in sexual acts against his or her will. |
| Financial Abuse | is stealing, taking advantage of, or improperly using the money, property, or other assets of another |
| Domestic Violence | is abuse by spouses, intimate partners, or family members. It can be physical, sexual, or emotional. The victim can be any sex, race or age. |
| Workplace Violence | is abuse of staff by residents or other staff members. It can be verbal, physical, or sexual. This includes improper touching and discussion about sexual subjects. |
| Involuntary Seclusion | is separating a person from others against the person's will. |
| Sexual Harrassment | is any unwelcome sexual advance or behavior that creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment. |
| Substance Abuse | is the use of legal or illegal drugs, cigarettes, or alcohol in a way that harms oneself or others |
| Mandated reporters | are people who are legally required to report suspected or observed abuse or neglect because they have regular contact with vulnerable populations, such as the elderly in healthcare facilities |
| Nurse Aide Training Competency Evaluation Program (NATCEP) | makes the rules about training and testing nursing assistants |
| Ombudsman | is assigned by law as the legal advocate for residents |
| Older Americans Act (OAA) | is federal law that requires all states to have an ombudsman program |
| To Respect Confidentiality | means to keep private things private. Including a resident's state of health, finances, and relationships. |
| Protected Health Information (PHI) | The PHI protects a patient's name, address, telephone number, social security number, e-mail address and medical record number. |
| Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) | In 1996,this law was passed to help keep health information private and secure. All healthcare organ. must take special steps to protect health information. They and Employees can be fined or incarcerated if law is broken. |
| Advance Directives | are legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care they wish to have if they cannot make those decisions themselves. |
| Living Will | states the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in case he or she becomes unable to make those decisions him or herself. It takes effect while the person is still living. |
| Durable Power Of Attorney for health Care | is a signed, dated, and witnessed paper that appoints someone else to make the medical decisions for a person in the even he or she becomes unable to do so. |
| Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) | order is another tool that helps medical providers honor wishes about care. A DNR order tells medical professional not to perform CPR. |
| CPR-cardiopulmonary resuscitation | refers to medical procedures to restart the heart and breathing |
| Patient Self-Determination ACT | are rights relating to advance directives that must be given upon admission |
| Communication | is the process of exchanging information with others |
| Verbal Communication | involves the use of words or sounds, spoken or written. Oral reports are an example of verbal communication. |
| Nonverbal Communication | is the way we communicate without using words. |
| Cultural Diversity | has to do with the different groups of people with varied backgrounds and experiences living together in the world |
| Culture | is a system of learned behaviors, practiced by a group of people, that are considered to be the tradition of that people and are passed on from one generation to the next |
| Clichés | Clichés are phrases that are used over and over again and do not really mean anything |
| Objective Information | is based on what you see, hear, touch, or smell |
| Subjective Information | is something you cannot or did not observe, but is based on something the resident reported to you that may or may not be true. |
| Sight | Look for changes in resident's appearance. This includes rashes, redness, paleness, swelling, discharge, weakness, sunken eyes, and posture or gait (walking) changes |
| Hearing | Listen to what the resident tells you about his condition, family, or needs |
| Incontinence | is the inability to control the bladder or bowels |
| Cyanotic | a patients whose skin is pale or blue |
| nasal discharge | runny nose |
| A Root | is part of a word that contains its basic meaning or difinition |
| Prefix | is the word part that precedes the root to help form a new word |
| Suffix | is the word part added to the end of a root that helps form a new word. |
| Derm/Derma | means skin |
| Itis | means inflammation |
| Dermatitis | is the inflammation of the skin |
| Brady | means slow |
| Cardia | means heart |
| Bradycardia | is slow heartbeat or pulse |
| Pathy | Means disease |
| Neuro | means of the nerve or nervous system |
| Neuropathy | is a nerve disease or disease of the nervous system |
| Incident | is an accident or unexpected event during the course of care |
| Impairment | Is a loss of function or ability; it can be a partial or complete loss |
| Farsightedness | is the ability to see objects in the distance better than objects nearby |
| Nearsightedness | is the ability to see things near but not far |
| Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) | CVA, or stroke, is caused when the blood supply to the brain is cut off suddenly by a clot or a ruptured blood vessel |
| Hemiplegia | Paralysis on one side of the body |
| Hemiparesis | weakness on one side of the body |
| expressive aphasia | inability to speak or speak clearly |
| receptive aphasia | inability to understand spoken or written words |
| Emotional Lability | Laughing or crying without any reason or when it is inappropriate |
| Dysphagia | Difficulty swallowing |
| Combative | meaning violent or hostile behavior |
| Infection Control | is the term for measures practiced in healthcare facilities |
| microorganism | is a living thing or organism that is so small that it can be seen only through a microscope |
| Microbe | is another name for a microorganism |
| Infections | occur when harmful microorganisms called pathogens invade the body and multiply |
| systemic infection | is in the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body |
| localized infection | is confined to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms. It's symptoms are near the site of infection |
| Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) or Nosocomial Infection |
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