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Cells
Term | Definition |
---|---|
cell membrane | outer covering of all cells |
cytoplasm | gelatin like material inside of every cell |
cell wall | tough, rigid outer covering that protects a plant cell and gives it shape |
organelles | "tiny organs" found inside of cells that help regulate function of cells |
nucleus | directs all cell activities; control center of the cell; separated from the cytoplasm by a nuclear membrane |
chloroplast | green organelles found only in plant cells; capture light energy and use it to make glucose |
mitochondrion | organelle where energy is released from the breakdown of food into carbon dioxide and water (plural mitochondria) |
ribosomes | small structures that make proteins; some float freely in cytoplasm and some are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum |
endoplasmic reticulum | series of folded membranes in which materials can be processed and moved around inside the cell |
Golgi bodies | stacked, flattened membranes; can deliver substances to other parts of the cell or out of the cell |
tissue | a group of similar cells that work together to do one job |
organ | structure made up of two or more different types of tissues that work together |
cell theory | has 3 main parts--all organisms are made of cells, cell is the basic unit of organization in organisms, all cells come from other cells |
virus | a nonliving strand of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coating |
host cell | where a virus takes over and makes a cell make copies of the virus |
eukaryotic | cells with membrane-bound structures called organelles |
prokaryotic | cells without membrane-bound structures and no nucleus |
lysosomes | organelles that break down and recycle substances |
organ system | a group of organs working together to perform a certain function |