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DNA profiling

Forensics

QuestionAnswer
What are the non-coding regions of DNA called? Introns
What are the coding regions of DNA called? Exons
What does STR stand for? Short tandem repeat
What is an STR? A repeated sequence of introns
How do introns at the same locus on a chromosome vary between two different people? The STRs are have a different number of repeats
Where can a DNA sample be obtained from? Almost all biological tissue, such as a cheek swab, white blood cells, bone marrow or sperm
Where are restriction enzymes naturally found? Bacteria
How are DNA fragments separated? Gel electrophoresis
What is the gel made from? Agarose
Why is a reference sample needed? To provide a comparison for the DNA profile
What technique is used to transfer the DNA to a nylon or nitrocellulose membrane? Southern blotting
Why are multiple loci used? More than one person may have the same number of STRs at each loci, so the more loci used reduces the similarity between profiles
How can the DNA fragments be detected if they are radioactive? Using an X-ray film
How can the DNA fragments be detected if they are fluorescent? Using UV light
Why is there two figures for each STR? The number of repeated sequence is different on each chromosome in a homologous pair
Created by: stu033834
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