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Taxonomy Vocab
Useful vocabulary for the Taxonomy Unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| binomial nomenclature | The term used to give each organism their genus species name |
| prokaryote | Lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. |
| eukaryote | Has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. |
| unicellular | One celled organism has all of the functions necessary for the organism to stay alive. |
| multicellular | An organism made of many cells. The many specialized cells work together to organism survive. |
| Autotroph | An organism that produces its own nutrients (food). |
| Heterotroph | An organism that obtains nutrients (food) by eating other organisms. |
| asexual reproduction | Requires only one parent. Cell makes a copy of its DNA and splits in half. |
| sexual reproduction | Requires two parents. Offspring has half of its DNA from mom, and half of its DNA from dad. |
| Kingdom Eubacteria | Kingdom containing organisms that are prokaryotes, unicellular, reproduce asexually, have peptidoglycan in its cell wall, and live in milder climates. |
| Kingdom Archaebacteria | Kingdom containing organisms that are prokaryotes, unicellular, reproduce asexually, have NO peptidoglycan in its cell wall, and can live in harsh climates. |
| Kingdom Fungi | Kingdom containing organisms that are multicellular eukaryotes, have a cell wall of chitin, and are heterotrophs that sexually produce with spores. |
| Kingdom Plantae | Kingdom containing organisms that are multicellular eukaryotes, have a cell wall of cellulose, are autotrophs, and reproduce sexually with pollen. |
| Kingdom Animalia | Kingdom containing organisms are multicellular eukaryotes, lack cell walls, and are heterotrophs. |
| Kingdom Protista | Kingdom containing organisms that are unicellular eukaryotes, live mainly in aquatic environments and move with cilia, flagella, or pseudopods. |
| Domain Bacteria | Domain that contains unicellular prokaryotes that are heterotrophs and phototrophs. |
| Domain Archae | Domain that contains unicellular prokaryotes that are chemotrophs found in Deep Ocean Hydrothermal vents and hot springs. |
| Domain Eukarya | Domain that contains unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes. |
| Species | A group of organisms whose members can only breed and produce fertile offspring with one another. |
| Taxonomy | Classification system used to organize living organisms into categories. |
| Phototroph | A form of autotroph that converts energy from the sun into nutrients. |
| Chemotroph | A form of autotroph that converts energy from chemicals into nutrients. |
| Aerobic | Respiration with oxygen |
| Anaerobic | Respiration without oxygen |