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Earthquakes Waves

Earth Science Terms for Earthquakes and Seismic Waves

TermDefinition
Earthquake sudden release of energy in earth's crust that creates seismic waves
Focus under the crust where the rock breaks because of pressure being released
epicenter the point on earth's surface directly above the focus
elastic rebound how energy is spread during earthquakes; snap back in place
aftershock smaller earthquake following a major earthquake
foreshock mild tremor before a major earthquake
intensity severity of ground shaking in an earthquake in the terms of the effect on humans and manmade structures
magnitude a number that characterizes the size of the earthquake, recorded by seismograph
Mercalli scale scale that was used for describing the magnitude of an earthquake
Richter scale numerical scale that expresses the magnitude of an earthquake
seismograph instrument that measures and records details of an earthquake
seismogram the paper copy/record of a seismograph
wave disturbance that transmits energy
transverse wave wave particles vibrate perpendicular to wave direction
longitudinal wave wave particles vibrate parallel to wave directions
medium material a wave moves through
crest upward displacement of a wave
trough downward displacement of a wave
amplitude height of a wave
wavelength distance between consecutive waves
P waves primary body wave(earthquake) fastest; least damaging; longitudinal wave
S waves secondary wave(earthquake) slowest, most damaging
surface waves travels across the surface rather than through the surface
travel-time graph
triangulation survey technich in which one uses triangle elements based on lines
fault fracture along which blocks of crust on either side have moved
Created by: vascott
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