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Earthquakes/S Waves

Earthquakes & Seismic Waves

TermsDefinitions
Earthquake A vibration of the Earth produced by the rapid release of energy.
Focus The point within the earth where the earthquake starts. -Released energy radiates in all directions from the focus in the form of waves (seismic).
Epicenter The location on the surface directly above the focus.
Elastic Rebound The rocks/plates snap back into an unbent position.
Aftershock The movements that follows a major earthquake (smaller earthquakes).
Foreshock Small earthquakes before a major earthquake.
Intensity Measures the amount of shaking at a particular location; farther from focus= less!
Magnitude Measures the size of the earthquake of the earthquake at its source- no distance factor.
Mercalli scale Intensity based on observed effects of quake on Earth's surface, human and manmade structures.
Richter scale Measures earthquakes energy from seismic waves, using a seismogram.
Seismograph Instrument for recording earthquakes.
Seismogram The data output (recording) or a seismogram.
Wave Disturbance that transmits energy through a material.
Transverse wave Wave particles that are perpendicular.
Longitudinal wave Waves particles that are parallel.
Medium Material through which a wave moves.
Crest Upward displacement of a wave.
Trough Downward displacement of a wave.
Amplitude Displacement from rest; (rest to crest) a.+ b.- (rest to trough)
Wavelength Distance between consecutive waves.
P Waves Primary body wave (earthquake); fastest; least damaging; "compressional"
S Waves Secondary body wave; "transverse"; shake and shear; medium damage
Surface Waves Slowest; most damaging.
Travel-Time Graph Use delay to find distance from earthquake epicenter.
Triangulation Locating epicenter.
Created by: discocroutons
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