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Classification

organisms are things that have all of the characteristics of life
unicellular organisms that are made up of only one cell
multicellular organisms that are made up of more than one cell
growth when an organism gets bigger
development the combination of all of the changes organisms undergo as they grow (such as specialization of cells)
reproduction the process by which one organism makes one or more new organisms
adaptation a characteristic an organism has that makes it better able to survive in its environment
stimulus anything an organism responds to
response the reaction of an organism to a stimuli
homeostasis an organism's ability to maintain steady internal conditions when outside conditions change
sun all energy on Earth comes from the _____
classify to group ideas, information, or objects based on similarities
Aristotle He developed the first system of classification
Plants and Animals the two groups that Aristotle classified all living things as
Carrolus Linnaeus Scientist who created a system of classification based on six characteristics; was the first to call his groups Kingdoms
Six Characteristics Linnaeus used similarities in body struture, systems, size, shape, color, and methods of obtaining food
binomial nomenclature two-word naming system developed by Carolus Linnaeus
1st word of binomial nomenclature Genus (always capitalize the first letter)Latin and itallicized
2nd word of binomial nomenclature species (do not capitalize)Latin and itallicized
systematics today's classification system is based on
5 kingdoms proposed by Robert H. Whittaker animal, plant, fungi, protist, monera
4 characteristics that place an organism into a kingdom 1. Do the organisms cells have a nucleus? 2. Are more than one cells present? 3. Does it make its own food? 4. Does it move?
prokaryotic simple cells that do not have a nuclei or membrane-bound organelles
eukaryotic cells with a nucleus and organelles
photosynthesis process by which an organism (mostly plants) make their own food
levels of organization under each domain Kingdom, Phylum (Division), Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
dichotomous key a key arranged in steps with descriptive statements at each step
where dichotomous keys are located field guides and scientific manuals
Whittatker's kingdom Monera later divided into which two kingdoms? Archaebacteria and Eubacteria (bacteria)
systematics uses all of the evidence that is known about organisms to classify them
Bases of systematics (there are 6) cell type, habitat, the way they obtain food and energy, structure and function of features, common ancestry, molecular analysis (like DNA)
List the three domains Baterica, Archaea, Eukarya
Bacteria 27. ____________________ ( also called eubacteria) a simple single celled organisms. Examples: Yersinia pestis, E. coli, and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Archae _____________________are simple unicellular (made of only one cell) organisms that often live in extreme environments.
Protist are unicellular and more complex than bacteria or archaea. Examples: paramecium, amoeba, and diatom
Fungi are unicellular or multicellular (composed of more than one cell) and absorb food. Examples: mushrooms, yeast, and club mold.
Plants are multicellular and make their own food through a process known as photosynthesis.
Animals are multicellular and take in their food.
taxonomy the process or system of describing the way in which different living things are related by putting them in groups
cladogram phylogentic tree; branched diagram that shows the relationships among organisms, including common ancestors
6 characteristic of life; how you know something is an organism organized, grow and develop, respond, reproduce, maintain certain internal conditions, use energy
Created by: LOM Life Science
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