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2013 Midterm Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Quantitative Observation | observations that are expressed using numbers |
| qualitative observation | observations that cannot be expressed using numbers |
| system | a group of parts that work together to carry out a function |
| SI Unit of Time | seconds |
| SI Unit of Length | meters |
| Inferring | Interpreting observations based on reasoning from what you already know |
| Why scientists use models | something is too big or too small to study |
| estimate | used when an exact answer cannot be found |
| Factors Keeping Earth in Orbit | earth's inertia and the sun's gravity |
| Hypothesis | Explanation for observations that must be testable. |
| SI Unit of Temperature | Kelvin |
| Mass | Amount of matter in an object |
| Weight | The force of gravity on an object |
| Independent Variable | Variable that is purposely changed by the person doing the experiment |
| Dependant Variable | The variable that is changed by the independent variable and is measured. |
| Accuracy | The closeness of a measurement to its true value(how close to “true” the measurement is to what it is measuring) |
| Precision | How consistent the measurements are over several measurements (how repeatable the measurements are) |
| Physical Science | includes the study of energy, motion, speed, light, electricity and magnetism |
| Earth and Space Science | includes the study of the earth and space. It includes weather, astronomy, geology, etc. It includes the study of the stars and universe |
| Inferring | Interpreting observations based on reasoning from what you already know |
| Heliocentric | Sun centered system |
| Geocentric | Earth centered system |
| Line Graph | Shows how one variable changes compared to the other variable – shows how dependent variable is affected by independent variable |
| Scientific Law | Describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a certain set of conditions |
| Scientific Questions | Involve different fields of science; span different fields of science |
| Estimate | Used when exact numbers cannot be used |
| Factors Keeping Earth in Orbit | The sun’s gravitational pull and the earth’s movement (inertia) in space |
| Hypothesis | Educated guess, based on observation. Must be testable. |
| Gases in Atmosphere in order based on percent in the atmosphere | Nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, others |
| Star | Giant ball of gases that uses nuclear fusion for energy. |
| System | group of parts that work together to carry out a function |
| Hertzsprung Russell Diagram - Main Sequence Stars | Increase in brightness as they increase in temperature |
| Reason to reject scientific theory | new evidence proves it wrong or contradicts it |
| Coolest Stars | red |
| Hottest Stars | blue |
| Outer planets | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune - large in size, made of gases, mainly hydrogen and helium, have many moons |
| Inner planets | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars - smaller planets, made of solid rock |
| Parallax | apparent movement of a star when seen from a different positions |
| Scientific Inquiry | Process used to solve scientific problems and answer scientific questions such as what causes a tsunami and what is a solar eclipse |
| Most abundant gas in atmosphere | nitrogen |
| Factors keeping earth in orbit | sun's gravity and earth's inertia |
| evaporation | process where water is heated and becomes water vapor and enters the atmosphere |
| condensation | process where water vapor in the atmosphere is cooled and turns into a liquid |
| Star Birth or Formation | Star is formed in a cloud of dust and gases called a nebula and is born or becomes a star when it begins nuclear fusion |
| Phases of the moon | Different shapes of the moon seen from Earth |
| Trying to explain a scientific idea like a tornado is an example of waht? | scientific inquiry |
| Most abundant gas in the atmosphere | nitrogen |
| Solar Wind | a sream of electrically charged particles that extend outward form the sun's corona |
| model of an atom | used be3cause atomas are too small to study directly |
| Star Birth | a star is born when it begins the process of nuclear fusion |
| parallax | apparent movement of a star when seen from different positions |
| What is Parallax Used For | used to determine a star's position from Earth |
| solar wind | stream of electrically charged particles that extend outward from the sun's corona |
| Origin of Solar Wind | sun's corona |
| Eclipsing Binary Stars | Identified because they become dimmer at regular intervals |
| Factors effecting force of gravity | an object's mass and the distance between objects |
| Light Year | the distance that light travels in one year |
| What determines if a protostar becomes a star | it has enough mass to create a star |
| factors effecting a star | gravity pulls the matter in the star together while nuclear fusion pushes the star outward |
| supernova | explosion of a high mass star at the end of its life cycle |
| star's absolute brightness | depends on a star's distance from Earth and its actual brightness |
| accretion | process where gravity helps form stars, planets and solar systems by the gathering together of smaller pieces |
| How distant planets are located | look for planet's tug to cause the star to wobble back and forth; look for planet to pass in front of star |
| Factor Effecting Star's Lifetime | its mass - the bigger its mass the shorter its lifespan |
| Star Life | 10 million to 200 billion years |
| Predicting | maling a statement or claim about what will happpen in the future based on past experience or evidence |
| Instrument to Measure Weight | scale like a spring scale |
| units in the volume of a cube shape like a rectangular box | cubic centimeters |
| scientific theory | a well tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results |
| scientific law | a statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions |
| star | huge body of gases that undergoes nuclear fusion |
Created by:
coachkls
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