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LAB Final Exam
Earch Science Lab: Oceanography, Temperature Phenomena, Humidity, Astronomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Continental shelf, Continental slope, Continental break and Continental rise are in which unit? | Continental floor margin |
| Abyssal plain and Seamounts are in which unit? | Deep Ocean |
| Rift valley is in which unit? | Mid Ocean Ridge |
| ___ are deep, flat features & are the most level places on Earth. | Abyssal Plains |
| The ocean floor is dotted with isolated volcanic peaks called ___. | Seamounts |
| The ___ is the feature on Earth’s surface & is 70,000 km(43,000 mi) long. | Ocean Ridge |
| The ocean basin floor is ___% of Earth’s surface & includes the Abyssal Plains, Seamounts. | 30% |
| The crests of the mid-ocean ridges are marked by deep cliffs called ___. | Rift Valleys |
| The deep ocean circulation is the result of differences in the ___ of ocean water. | Density |
| 2 types of ocean circulation? | Surface ocean currents & Deep ocean circulation |
| ___ is the mass per unit volume of a substance | Density |
| ___ is the movement of 1 mass of water over, under, through another caused by density differences & gravity. | Density Current |
| Does a density current does mix with surrounding water? | Yes, because its density is different than the surrounding water |
| A salinity of 35 /1000 means? | 35 lbs of salt per 1,000 lbs of sea water |
| Light colored ice does not reflect back the Sun energy efficiently. True or false? | False |
| Exposed land is darker colored & absorbs more energy. True or False? | True |
| As the ice melts, more land is exposed. This absorbs more heat, melting more ice. True or False? | True |
| ___ is the percentage of light reflected by a surface. | Albedo |
| ___ radiation is a shorter wavelength & comes into the Earth’s atmosphere. | Ultraviolet |
| The Earth warms & acts as a radiator, emitting heat into the air in the form of ___. | Infrared Radiation |
| ___ is the only portion of the spectrum we can see & is called white light because it appears white in color. | Visible Light |
| A portion of the incoming solar radiation that comes to the Earth is reflected back into the atmosphere. | Measuring albedo |
| Reflected Light over Incoming light (equation). | Albedo |
| ___ measures the Albedo of the substances. | Lux Meter |
| ___ heats more rapidly with higher temperatures than ___. | Land, Water |
| ___ cools more rapidly with lower temp than ___. | Land, Water |
| Water requires (less/more) heat to raise its temperature. | More |
| ___ is OPAQUE so heat is absorbed only at the surface. | Land |
| ___ is transparent & allows radiation to penetrate it depths. | Water |
| Daily ___ is the average of the maximum & minimum temperatures. | Mean |
| Daily ___ is the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures. | Range |
| ___ is a line connecting locations with equal temperature. | Isotherm |
| Isotherm maps show where temperatures are relatively ___ & ___. | High & Low |
| Isotherms are typically placed at intervals of ___ degrees F. | 10 degrees |
| ___ tells us how close the air is to capacity. | Relative Humidity |
| Amount of water vapor in air (over) Capacity equals? | Relative Humidity |
| ___ consists of 2 thermometers mounted side by side. | Psychrometer |
| The water vapor capacity of air is TEMPERATURE dependent with ___ air having a much greater capacity than ___ air. | Warm, Cold |
| Variations in air pressure are determined from ___ reading. | Barometric |
| Pressure data are shown on a weather map using ___. | Isobars |
| ___ are lines that connect places of equal air pressure. | Isobars |
| The spacing of isobars indicates the amount of pressure change over a distance is the ___. | Pressure Gradients |
| ___ are called Lows & Highs. | Pressure Centers |
| The ___ spaced isobars indicate a steep low pressure gradient & high winds. | Closely |
| The ___ spaced isobars indicate a weak high pressure gradient & light winds. | Widely |
| Weather forecasters measure air pressure with a ___. | Barometer |
| ___ are used to measure the current air pressure at a particular location in "inches of mercury" or in "millibars" (mb). | Barometers |
| Anything above a 1013 is a ___ pressure. | High |
| Anything below a 1013 is a ___ pressure. | Low |
| In central America masses of warm & cold air collide & produce a ___. | Front |
| The ___ denser air acts as a barrier where the ___, less dense air rises . | Cooler, Warmer |
| ___ is from New Moon to Full Moon. | Waxing |
| ___ is from Full Moon to New Moon. | Waning |
| Calculation for the density of a substance. | Density = Mass/Volume |
| Calculation for the density of the planets. | Divide the density of each planet with the density of Earth. |
| a device for determining the depth of the seabed or detecting objects in water by measuring the time taken for sound echoes to return to the listener. | Echo Sounder |
| ___ is a gently sloping submerged surface that extends from the shoreline toward the deep ocean basin. | Continental Shelf |
| The outer boundary of the continental shelf is the ____ (that point where a rapid steepening of the slope occurs. | Shelf Break |
| The ___ marks the seaward edge of the continental shelf and is characterized by a relatively steep gradient. | Continental Slope |
| Often the relatively steep continental slope merges into a broad zone with a more gentle slope called the ___. | Continental Rise |
| The ___ lies between the continental rise and mid-ocean ridge and includes flat plains, mountains and canyons. | Abyssal Plain |
| ___ are steep-sided volcano peaks. | Seamounts |
| ___ are found in all of the major oceans and represent more than 20% of the Earth's surface area. | Mid-ocean Ridges |
| The crests of the mid-ocean ridges are marked by deep clefts called ___. | Rift Valleys |
| The total area of the Earth is about ___ million square kilometers or ___ million square miles. | 510, 197 |
| The total area of the Earth that is covered by OCEANS is about ___ million square kilometers or ___ million square miles. | 360, 140 |
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