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Science
Chapter 3 Genetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| inherited Trait | a characteristic that is passed on from parent to offspring |
| heredity | the passing of inherited traits from parent to offspring |
| genetics | the study of heredity |
| acquired trait | a trait influenced by experience or the environment |
| hybrid | an organism produced by the crossing of parents that have two different forms of the same trait |
| dominant trait | the form of an inherited trait that masks the other form of the same trait |
| recessive trait | the hidden form of an inherited trait that will only show in the phenotype if it is paired with another recessive trait |
| gene | the portion of the chromosome that controls a particular inherited trait |
| chromosome | one of the threadlike structures in the nucleus of a cell that stores detailed directions for the cell's activities |
| genotype | the genes that are inherited by an organism for a particular trait |
| phenotype | the way in which a genotype is expressed, or shown, in an organism |
| X chromosome | chromosomes that combine to determine a person's gender - MALE |
| Y chromosome | chromosome that combine to determine a person's gender |
| pedigree | a chart that traces the history of traits in a particular family |
| carrier | an organism that has inherited the gene for a specific trait but does not express that trait |
| genetic disorder | a condition caused by mutation, or change, in a gene or a set of genes |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid is a long complex molecule that contains the genetic code of an organism |
| Genome | consists of all the DNA that makes up an organism |
| Genetic engineering | a way of intentionally changing a genetic sequence in DNA so that a particular trait is produced |
| Geneticist | a scientist who studies how heredity works |
| Gene splicing | takes genes from one organism and adds them to the genes of another organism |
| Clone | an organism that receives all of its DNA from one parent and is genetically identical to that parent |
| Variation | a difference among members of the same species that enables individuals to better survive and reproduce |
| mutation | is a change in an organism's genetic makeup |
| natural selection | occurs when the organisms that are best suited to their environments survive and reproduce successfully |
| antibiotic | kills disease causing bacteria |
Created by:
dcaeschliman
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