A molecule consisting of , the carboxylic group , a hydrogen atom and an organic side group attached to the carbon atom. The building block of protein in which each is coded for by a codon and linked together through peptide bonds.

A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides located on one end of transfer RNA. It bounds to the complementary coding triplet of nucleotides in messenger RNA during translation phase of protein synthesis.

A set of three adjacent nucleotides, also called triplet, in mRNA that base-pair with the corresponding aniticodon of tRNA molecule that carries a particular amino acid, hence, specifying the type and sequence of amino acids for protein synthesis.

The second of the three stags of translation. It refers to the sequential addition of amino acids to the growing peptide . Elongation is followed by termination

Environmental Mutagen

Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation.Any factor that is responsible from an increase in the [[ frequency of [[mutations of an organism.mutagen

A condition brought on by a genetic mutation

Translation starts with the formation of a complete ribosome out of the two subunits over the codon AUG, which is recognised as the start codon. AUG codes for methionine , which is the first amino acid in all proteins .

he type of RNA that codes for the chemical blueprint for a protein (during protein synthesis).

A change in or the process of changing, e.g. nature, form or quality. (genetics) (1) A permanent, heritable change in the nucleotide sequence in a gene or a chromosome; the process in which such a change occurs in a gene or in a chromosome.

A chain of amino acids joined together through peptide bonds.

A minute particle composed of protein and RNA that serves as the site of protein synthesis. A molecule consisting of two subunits that fit together and work as one to build proteins according to the genetic sequence held within the messenger RNA

stop of mRNA synthesis (i.e., transcription) at the terminator site top of protein synthesis (i.e., translation) at the stop codon.

Transcription is a process which occurs during DNA synthesis It is when the DNA helix is unwound and one of the strands read and copied by RNA. Transcription is when the amino acid bases are copied onto this RNA strand.

RNA involved in protein synthesis, i.e. transporting specific amino acid to the ribosome to be added onto the growing polypeptide chain

A step in protein biosynthesis wherein the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied (or transcribed) into an mRNA.

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Protein synthesis

Vocab for Protein synthesis Unit

Term	Definition
Amino Acid	A molecule consisting of , the carboxylic group , a hydrogen atom and an organic side group attached to the carbon atom. The building block of protein in which each is coded for by a codon and linked together through peptide bonds.
Anti-Codon	A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides located on one end of transfer RNA. It bounds to the complementary coding triplet of nucleotides in messenger RNA during translation phase of protein synthesis.
Codon	A set of three adjacent nucleotides, also called triplet, in mRNA that base-pair with the corresponding aniticodon of tRNA molecule that carries a particular amino acid, hence, specifying the type and sequence of amino acids for protein synthesis.
DNA sequence ( genetic code)
elongation	The second of the three stags of translation. It refers to the sequential addition of amino acids to the growing peptide . Elongation is followed by termination
Environmental Mutagen	Any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation.Any factor that is responsible from an increase in the [[ frequency of [[mutations of an organism.mutagen
Genetic Disorder	A condition brought on by a genetic mutation
Initiation	Translation starts with the formation of a complete ribosome out of the two subunits over the codon AUG, which is recognised as the start codon. AUG codes for methionine , which is the first amino acid in all proteins .
Messenger RNA (mRNA)	he type of RNA that codes for the chemical blueprint for a protein (during protein synthesis).
Mutation	A change in or the process of changing, e.g. nature, form or quality. (genetics) (1) A permanent, heritable change in the nucleotide sequence in a gene or a chromosome; the process in which such a change occurs in a gene or in a chromosome.
Polypeptide Chain	A chain of amino acids joined together through peptide bonds.
Ribosomes	A minute particle composed of protein and RNA that serves as the site of protein synthesis. A molecule consisting of two subunits that fit together and work as one to build proteins according to the genetic sequence held within the messenger RNA
Termination	stop of mRNA synthesis (i.e., transcription) at the terminator site top of protein synthesis (i.e., translation) at the stop codon.
Transcription	Transcription is a process which occurs during DNA synthesis It is when the DNA helix is unwound and one of the strands read and copied by RNA. Transcription is when the amino acid bases are copied onto this RNA strand.
Transfer RNA (tRNA)	RNA involved in protein synthesis, i.e. transporting specific amino acid to the ribosome to be added onto the growing polypeptide chain
Translation	A step in protein biosynthesis wherein the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce the specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. The process follows transcription in which the DNA sequence is copied (or transcribed) into an mRNA.

Created by: Ama B

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