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Chapter 2 Science
The cell in action
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Diffusion | the movement of particles from regions of higher concentration to regions fo lower concentration |
| Osmosis | the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane |
| Passive Tranport | the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell |
| Active Transport | the movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy |
| Endocytosis | the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring into the cell |
| Exocytosis | process in which a cell releases a particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane |
| Photosynthesis | the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food |
| Cellular Respiration | the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food |
| Fermentation | the breakdown of food without the use of oxygen |
| Cell Cycle | the cell cycle of a cell |
| Chromosomes | in a eukaryote cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of the DNA and protein; in a prokaryote, the main ring of the DNA |
| Homologous Chromosomes | chromosomes that have the same sequence of the genes and the same structure |
| Mitosis | in eukaryote cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which had the same number of chromosomes |
| Cytokinesis | In cells that lack a cell wall, the cell pinches in two. In cells that have a cell wall, the cell plate forms between the two new cells. |
| Interphase | 1st step: Before mitosis begins, chromosomes are copied. Each chromosomes is then two chromatids. |
| Prophase | Mitosis Phase 1: The nuclear membrane dissolves. Chromosomes condense into rodlike structures. |
| Metaphase | Mitosis Phase 2: The chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell. Homologous chromosomes pair up. |
| Anaphase | Mitosis Phase 3: The chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell. |
| Telophase | Mitosis Phase 4: A nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes unwind. Mitosis is complete. |
Created by:
voitmegan
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