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earthquake key vocb.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| earthquake | vibrations in the earth caused by the sudden release of energy |
| crust | the earths outer layer |
| fault | a fracture in bedrock, along which blocks of rock on opposite sides of the fracture move |
| mantle | the layer of the earth beneath the crust |
| lithosphere | the cool, solid outer shell of the earth |
| plates | a large, mobile segment of the earths lithosphere |
| seismologist | a scientist who studies earthquakes |
| epicenter | the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake. |
| focus | the center of the earthquake |
| seismic wave | an elastic wave in the earth produced by an earthquake. |
| P-wave | a seismic body wave that shakes the ground back and forth in the same direction and the opposite direction as the direction the wave is moving. |
| S-wave | a seismic body wave that shakes the ground back and forth perpendicular to the direction the wave is moving. |
| surface wave | seismic wave that is trapped near the surface of the earth. |
| seismograph | they keep track of earthquakes |
| magnitude | The magnitude is a number that characterizes the relative size of an earthquake. |
| richter scale | it compares the size of earthquakes. |
| mercali scale | a scale formerly used to describe the magnitude of an earthquake |
| moment magnitude scale | a logarithmic scale of 1 to 10 |
| tsunami | a long high sea wave caused by an earthquake |
| liquefaction | the conversion of a solid or a gas into a liquid |
| aftershock | a smaller earthquake following the main shock of a large earthquake. |
| base isolators | a pad under the house to keep it from shacking |
| shear core walls | it takes the energy from the ceiling and the floor to the foundation |
| tension ties | they attach heavy items to the wall so they don't tip over |
| cross braces | they hold up the older buildings in between stories of the building so it wont collapse |
| flexible pip | they hold the pip together so they don't break |
| mass damper | device that reduce vibrations from earthquakes |
| tension | tension is the pulling force exerted by a string, cable, chain, or similar solid object on another object |
| compression | causes rock to push rock together |
| shearing | causes strike slip faults |
| plateau | an area of relatively high ground. |
| normal fault | an incline fault in which the hanging wall appears to have slipped downward relative to the footwall |
| reverse fault | the upper side appears to have been pushed upward by compression |
| strike-slip fault | a fault in which rock strata are displaced mainly in a horizontal direction |
Created by:
1964686148
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