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BIO12CELLTRANSPORT
BIO12CellTransport(KS)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Active Transport | the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy. |
| Carrier Protein | Carrier proteins are proteins involved in the movement of large molecules in and out of a cell |
| Cell Membrane | the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| Channel Protein | trans-membrane proteins found in the phospholipid bilayer membranes in our bodies |
| Concentration Gradient | when there is an uneven distribution of a substance across a border |
| Diffusion | a type of passive transport, therefore, it is a net movement of molecules in and out of the cell across the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. |
| Endocytosis | the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole. |
| Facilitated Transport | Facilitated diffusion is a process of passive transport, with this passive transport aided by integral membrane proteins. |
| Fluid-mosaic Membrane Model | A model conceived by S.J. Singer and Garth Nicolson in 1972 to describe the structural features of biological membranes. |
| Glycolipid | Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached. Their role is to provide energy and also serve as markers for cellular recognition. |
| Glycoprotein | any of a class of proteins which have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain. |
| Hydrophilic | having a tendency to mix with, dissolve in, or be wetted by water. |
| Hydrophobic | tending to repel or fail to mix with water. |
| Hypertonic | having a higher osmotic pressure than a particular fluid, typically a body fluid or intracellular fluid. |
| Hypotonic | having a lower osmotic pressure than a particular fluid, typically a body fluid or intracellular fluid. |
| Isotonic | having the same (or equal) osmotic pressure and same water potential since the two solutions have an equal concentration of water molecules |
| Osmosis | a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one. |
| Passive Transport Processes | A kind of transport by which ions or molecules move along a concentration gradient |
| Phagocytosis | the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans. |
| Phospholipid | a lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule |
| Phospholipid Bilayer | The lipid bilayer is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules |
| Pinocytosis | the ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane. |
| Pressure Gradient | from higher pressure to lower pressure |
| Selectively Permeable | A semipermeable membrane, also termed a selectively permeable membrane, a partially permeable membrane or a differentially permeable membrane, is a membrane that will allow certain molecules or ions to pass through it by diffusion |
| Tonicity | Tthe osmotic pressure or tension of a solution, as in the cells would swell or shrink depending on the tonicity of the environment. |
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ksomji
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