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DNA Fingerprinting

QuestionAnswer
What is DNA Fingerprinting also known as? DNA Profiling
How many genes does the human genome contain? 23000
What is the average size of base pairs per gene? 3000
What are the non-coding blocks of DNA called? Introns
What are Exons? The coding blocks of DNA
What can be found within the introns? Short DNA sequences repeated many times
What is the name given to DNA sequences repeated many times? Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)or Satellites
What is another name for Restriction Endonucleases? Restriction Enzyme
Why is it highly unlikely that two people will have the same combinations of STRs? Because there is huge variations between number of repeats at each locus
In DNA Profiling what happens when a tissue sample containing the DNA is obtained? The DNA is extracted
Where can a DNA sample used in DNA profiling be obtained from? Cheek cells , Medical Clinic, White Blood cells, Sperm , Bone Marrow
What happens to DNA in PCR? DNA is copied numerous times
What does PCR stand for? Polymerase Chain Reaction
In PCR what are the DNA Primers Marked with? Fluorescent Tags
What happens in the first stage of PCR? Double stranded DNA is Separated
What is the Function of Restriction enzymes? To cut the DNA at specific base sequences
Apart from DNA what else is placed in the reaction tube? DNA Polymerase , DNA Primers , Nucleotides
In PCR at what temperature does the DNA separate at? 95 degrees
In PCR at what temperature does the primers attach to the start of STR? 55 degrees
What is Gel Electrophonesis? The analysis and separation of DNA fragments
In Gel Electrophonesis what is the relevance of the agarose gel? It provides a stable medium through which the DNA fragments can move
What is the agarose gel submerged into? A buffer solution
What do the negatively charged DNA fragments do? Migrate through the gel to the positively charged electrodes
In Gel Electrophonesis what happens to the smaller DNA Fragments? They Travel Faster and Furthest
What is Southern Blotting used for? To transfer DNA fragments to a more resilient nylon membrane
Created by: Tapiwaa
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