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Intro to the Atom
Intro to the Atom Filmstrip Quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are 2 examples of ancient societies who had greater and more advanced ideas than other civilizations? | Greeks and Romans |
| What was true about the Greeks and the Romans that wasn't true for other civilizations? | They had greater and more advanced ideas than other civilizations |
| What is a forum? | A gathering place where men would talk about their ideas about the world(how the sun was created, their theories about gas particles...) Women were not allowed. |
| What was the legend that led to Democritus's discoveries? | A legend said Democritus once picked up a handful of sand one day when he was walking by the beach.He shook off the sand until there was only one grain left.He thought that he could take a blade and cut the sand grain until there was "atomos"-uncuttable |
| Who was Aristotle? | Aristotle was a Greek philosopher who believed in the theory of the four essences and opposed the Atomic Theory. |
| What are the four essences? | air, fire, earth and water |
| In the theory of the four essences, which essences did steam consist of? | Fire, water, and air. |
| Who was Democritus? | A Greek Philosopher who came up with the term "atomos". He believed solids, liquids, and gases were all made of tiny, indivisible and indestructible particles called atoms. He was one of the first philosophers to coin the term "atom". |
| During the time period of Democritus and Aristotle, whose ideas did people believe? | Everyone believed in Aristotle's ideas but no one believed in Democritus's ideas. |
| Who were Alchemists? | "Alchemist" comes from the word "alcheme" which is essentially the study of chemistry |
| What were the three goals of the Alchemists? | To cure all diseases, to prevent the process of aging, and to change cheap metals into gold. |
| Who was John Dalton? | A British School Teacher who proposed an atomic theory in the 1800's. He measured all types of matter. His theories on the atom served as a foundation for atomic study. |
| What were all of the elements in "Dalton's atomic theory"? | Atoms can't be broken into smaller pieces. IN any element, all the atoms are exactly alike, atoms of 2 + elements can combine to form compounds. Atoms of each element have unique mass. Masses of the elements in a compound are always in a constant ratio. |
| Which theory did Dalton has no proof of ? What did we discover later? | His theory that atoms are round. We used a scanning tunneling microscope and saw the atoms were round. |
| Which of Dalton's theories were proven wrong? | His theory of not being able to break apart atoms. Later we realized that atoms are divisible and release a gas when divided. |
| Who supported Democritus' idea 2500 years after? | John Dalton |
| What is a compound? | A substance made of 2 or more elements that are chemically combined. |
| What are 6 examples of compounds? And what are they made up of? | Mercuric oxide(Mercury and oxygen), salt(Chloride and sodium), tarnish(Silver and sulfur), rust(Iron and oxygen), water(Hydrogen and oxygen), polyethylene(carbon and hydrogen) |
| What is true about the atoms and water? | There are always twice as many hydrogen molecules as oxygen molecules. |
| How many elements are there today and how many of them make up compounds? | 118 elements today 112 make compounds |
| Give an example of Carbon cycle? | Hybrids exhale co2 and Cellulose creates the wall of the cell. Baby Lamb takes cellulose from "mom" and uses it for muscles. We go to a restaurant eat the baby lamb and gain its strength. Carbon is reused/recycled. |
| What is Democritus's theory of atoms? | He thought of all things were made up of tiny individual atoms(atomic theory) |
| Who was Marie curie? What did she invent? What was the origin for their names? | A Polish woman found two radio active elements. One was called 'Radium" because it was radioactive and the other one was 'Polonium' because of her home land. |
| What effect did Marie Curie's experiments have on her? | She suffers from radioactive burns and her hands turn red. Also, her bones ache. Eventually she developed cancer. |
| What are Radioactive elements? | They give of electrons which are distributed through out an atom. |
| Who was Ernest Rutherford? | A British atomic Physicist from New Zealand who studied Physics. He discovered that atoms have a small, dense center called a nucleus. Discovered that atoms were mainly empty space. Named and discovered the proton. |
| What are the 3 discoveries Ernest Rutherford made? | Atoms have a nucleus, a small dense center which alpha particles cannot pass through. Atoms are made of lots of small empty space. Alpha particles are bigger than electrons. |
| Who was Neils Bohr? What was his hypothesis? | A Danish person from Denmark who said that electrons travel in their own orbits. Also, he said that electrons could jump from one shell to the next. |
| What is the nucleus of an atom composed of? What do you call them and why? | Two sub atomic particles: proton and neutrons. They are called nucleons because they are in the nucleus. |
| What is atomic mass? | The total number of protons and neutrons / total number of nucleons. |
| What are the charges of protons, neutrons and electrons? | Proton - positive, Neutrons -- Neutral and Electrons -- negative. |
| What charge does a nucleus have? | Only positive charge |
| What is the overall charge of an atom? | Neutral, the number of protons and electrons are usually the same. |
| What is the definition of the nucleus? | The small dense center of the atom |
| What are the 2 subatomic particles in the nucleus? | protons and neutrons |
| What is atomic mass? | The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom OR the total number of nucleons in an atom |
| What is atomic number? | The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom |
| What is the mass of electrons compared to protons and neutrons? | Electrons are only 1/2000 the mass of neutrons and protons |
| What is the difference between a mixture and a compound? | Mixture is physically combined and a compound is chemically combined. |
| What is air? | A mixture of gases that consists of 20% oxygen and 80% nitrogen. |
| Who supported Democritus? | John Dalton |
| What is an element? | A substance that can't be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means. |
| What are 6 ex. of elements? | mercury, oxygen, chlorine, sodium, helium, mercury |
| How many protons does a form of carbon have? What makes forms of carbon diff. from other elements? | Forms of carbon must have 6 protons. The number of neutrons makes them different. |
| What charge do electrons have? | negative charge |
| What is the location of electrons in an atom? | Outside the nucleus |
| Which 2 subatomic particles are the same quantity in an atom? | Electrons and protons |
| How can you find the atomic # given the # of electrons? | Electrons and protons' number is generally the same. Atomic # is the number of protons so the atomic number is equal to the number of electrons. |
| What is the overall charge of the nucleus and why? | Positive because there are positive protons and neutral neutrons |
| What is the overall charge of an atom and why? | Neutral because # of protons and electrons are generally the same |
| What is a natural element? | An element that can be found either in the Earth's crust, water or atmosphere. |
| What is a synthetic element? | A chemical element that does not occur naturally on Earth, only artificially. |
| How many reported elements were discovered of created? | 118 |
| How many elements are naturally occurring? | 94 |
| How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in helium? | 2, 2, 2 |
| How many protons,neutrons and electrons are inmercury? | 80, 120, 80 |
| What is the generalization of the # of protons, neutrons and electrons in heavier objects? Lighter? | Protons, neutrons and electrons are usually the same for lighter elements. Heavier elements might have a diff. # of neutrons. |
| What discovery was made about plastic? | While studying oils, scientists found that they could alter the form of atoms in plastic. The based this discovery on the fact that plastic doesn't come naturally. |
| What is polyethylene? | One of the simplest and most inexpensive polymers. It is a waxy, chemically inert, rather soft, plastic. |
| What is a subatomic particle? | A particle smaller than an atom(ex. a neutron) or a cluster of such particles (ex.alpha particles) |
| What are 10 examples of subatomic particles? | Quartz, leptons, protons, neutrons, elctrons, alpha particles, bosons, gluon, mesons, hadrons, muons |
| Who was the Danish scientist who said that electrons travel in their own orbits? | Neils Bohr |
| Given the atomic number and atomic mass, how do you find out the number of neutrons? | Subtract atomic number from atomic mass. |
| What is the overall charge of the nucleus? | positive |
| What is the overall charge of the atom? | Neutral |
| What are 2 examples of altered forms of plastic? | Plastic could be used to make plastic bags(flexible) or a rigid plastic container or plastic glass(firm) |
| What does plastic cause environmental damage? | Because it doesn't decompose. |
| What are the 4 essences? | AFEW: Air, fire, earth, water |
| Who opposed the Atomic Theory? | Aristotle |
| Who thought all matter was made up of 4 basic elements-air, fire, earth, water? | Aristotle |
| Who theorized that all matter was made of tiny, indivisible and indestructible particles called atoms? | Democritus |
| Who was one of the first philosophers to coin the term "atom"? | Democritus |
| Who supported Democritus 2500 years after he made his theory? | John Dalton |
| Who theorized his atomic theory that included that atoms can't be broken down, atoms of the same element were alike and atoms can combine to form compounds? | John Dalton |
| Whose theories on the atom served as a foundation for atomic study? | John Dalton |
| Who discovered that atoms have a small, dense center called a nucleus? | Ernest Rutherford |
| Who discovered that atoms were mainly empty space? | Ernest Rutherford |
| Who named and discovered the proton? | Ernest Rutherford |
| Who theorized that electrons could jump from one shell to the next? | Neils Bohr |
| Who proposed the theory that electrons travel in their own orbits? | Neils Bohr |
Created by:
Katrina1212
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