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Tectonics & Fossils
Unit 4 Test Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the mantle? | Earth's thickest layer of molten rock located just under the lithoshere. |
| What is the lithosphere? | Made up of the crust and the upper mantle and is broken into plates. |
| What is a convection current? | Molten rock heats up, becomes more dense and rises, then cools, becomes less dense and repeats. |
| Which layer of the Earth contains convection currents that move the plates? | mantle |
| The age of the sea floor closest to a mid-ocean ridge is ___ than sea floor further away. | younger |
| Why does an oceanic plate slide under a continental plate when they collide? | The oceanic plate is more dense. |
| What are the clues used to support the theory of continental drift? | same fossils and rock formations found on different continents, the continents look like they fit together like a puzzle |
| Which type of boundary is a mid-ocean ridge located at? | divergent |
| Which type of boundary is a trench located at? | convergent (subduction) |
| What is it called when one tectonic plate slides under another? | subduction |
| Which plate boundary do tectonic plates move apart? | divergent |
| Which plate boundary do tectonic plates push together? | convergent |
| Which plate boundary do tectonic plates slide past each other? | transform |
| What processes changes rocks to metamorphic rocks? | heat and pressure |
| How do igneous rocks form? | magma or lava cools and hardens |
| How do sedimentary rocks form? | sediment is deposited in layers then is compacted and cemented together |
| What type of rock are fossils most frequently found in? | sedimentary rock |
| What is a fossil? | traces, remains, or evidence of a once living thing from long ago |
| What is the estimated age of the Earth? | 4.6 Billion Year |
| When does fossil formation occur? | only when the conditions are right |
| A dinosaur footprint is and example of a ___ fossil. | trace |
| The age of an object compared to another object is ___ age. | relative |
| A fossil that is widespread, existed in a specific time span, and is used to date other fossils and rocks. | index fossil |
| The time it takes for half a sample of a radioactive element to decay. | half-life |
| ____ can be used with igneous rocks to determine their age in years. | Radioactive dating |
| The ____ of uranium 235 is 704 million years | absolute age |
| The law of superposition states that the oldest rock in a layer of undisturbed rock is ___. | at the bottom |
| What type of disturbance to a rock bed shifts rock layers up or down. | fault |
| What type of disturbance to a rock bed bends rock like a taco? | folding |
| A rock layer that is caused by magma melting its way through rock layers is called ___. | intrusion |
| What is it called when rock layers are eroded away and is missing in the fossil record? | unconformity |
| Mrs. Hughes is the ___ teacher | best |
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