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6th grade science
Exactly everything you need to know for the third chapter's test- Abeka -Malia
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| earthquakes sometimes cause huge waves called | tsumamis |
| fault | is a break that appears at the boundary between two moving masses of rock |
| focus | the point underground where an earthquake begins |
| epicenter | is the place at ground level that is directly above the focus |
| earthquake | any trembling or shaking of the earth's crust |
| magnitude | the strength of an earthquake |
| chemical weathering | occurs when natural acids slowly eat into a rock, breaking it apart |
| the temperature of rock _______ with depth | increases |
| how is a vent created? | created when trapped gasses blast through the earth's surface |
| what does a volcano do? | allows molten rock and hot gases to escape from, within the earth |
| geologists | scientists who study the structure of the earth |
| weathering | the process by which new soil is formed as rocks crumble and break into smaller pieces |
| Moho | the boundary between the earth's crust and its mantle |
| mid-oceanic ridges | the underwater mountain ridges |
| seismology | the study of earth quakes |
| dormant | a volcano that has been active at some time in recorded history, but has no had a recent eruption |
| Plinian eruption | a volcano characterized by hot clouds of dust and gas that it expels |
| active volcano | a volcano that has erupted recently |
| extinct volcano | a volcano that has not erupted in recorded history |
| lava | magma that has reached the earth's surface |
| Ring of Fire | a belt which runs along the edge of the Pacic Ocean is named for its many volcanoes |
| crater | a depression found at the top of a volcano |
| lapilli | smaller fragments of molten rock that solidify almost instantly |
| shield voclanoes | formed from large amounts of very fluid lava that built up gradually |
| cinder cone volcanoes | volcanoes formed by eruptions of mostly tepra |
| composite volcanoes | formed by alternating layers of tephra and lava |
| crust | outermost layer of the earth |
| mantle | middle layer of the earth |
| core | inner layer of the earth |
| diamond | hardest mineral found in a deep, tube-like formation that appears to be the clogged vent of an extinct volcanoe |
| cave | any hollow space in the earth's crust that has formed naturally and is large enough for a person to enter |
| ore | any rock containing a metal together with imurities |
| precious stones | the rarest, most durable and beautiful gems |
| iron | the most commonly used practical metal; used for thousands of years to make tools |
| copper | a metal that is a good conductor of electricity; two of its alloys are brass and bronze |
| fossil | any trace of a plant or animal left in a rock |
| gemstones | small deposits of igneous and metamorphic crystals |
| magnetic field | the area surrounding a magnet in which the force of the magnet affects other objects |
| poles | the ends of a magnet |
| magnetosphere | the magnetic field produced by the earth is |
| rock | the hardest material that composes the earth's crust |
| igneous | formed when molten rock soidifies |
| sedimentary | formed from sand and mineral fragments that have been pressed together |
| metamorphic rock | rock that has been changed by extreme heat or pressure into a new kind of rock |
| sedimentary rock | covers over 75% of the earth's surface |
| extrusive igneous rock | igneous rock that formed at the earth's surface, cools rapidly, and has a fine appearance |
| intrusive igneous rock | type of igneous rock remains in a pocket below the surface cools slowly and has a coarse-grained appearence |
| granite | the most common igneous rock that can be found everywhere on land |
| halite | a sedimentary rock is formed by chemical sediments and is used for salting roads and flavoring food |
| sandstone | a sedimentary rock used to make glass |
| Reef limestone | the only sedimentary rocks that are formed by living animals |
| Slate | a metamorphic rock that began as shale, is very hard, and has leaf-like layers |
| marble | a metamorphic rock is perhaps one of the most beautiful and most widely used, and it began as limestone |
| Soda straws | thin, hollow tubes that hang from the ceiling of many caves |
| Cave rafts | cave formations that occur when evaporated rating water leaves behind a thin, floating disk of calcium carbonate in an underground pool |
| Stalagmites | a structure on a cave floor |
| Stalagtites | a large, tube-like structures hanging from the ceiling |
| Column | a joined stalactite and stalagmite |
| Anthracite coal(hard coal) | a hard shiny black coal expensive to mine |
| Petroleum | the thick dark flammable liquid; considered a liquid fossil fuel |
| Lignite coal | the poorest quality of coal; also known as brown coal |
| Sub-bituminous coal | the most common type of coal; also know as soft coal |
| Speleology | the study of caves |
| Sea cave | formed by water |
| trogophile | designed to live either in a cave or above a cave |
| speleology | the scientific study of caves |
| Conglomerate rock | consists of rounded pebbles in hardened clay or sand |
| Trogloxenes | visit caves regularly but must return to the surface for food |
| The earth's magnetic field comes from what? | The earth's core. |
| How does the earth have magnetism? | currents of electricity pass through the circulate in the crust |
| How is a solution cave formed? | acids eat away at limestone |
| Is a solution cave an example of chemical weathering? | yes |
Created by:
nelsonclan
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