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LAB values
Patho
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Normal Na range | 135 - 145 |
| Normal K range | 3.5 - 5 |
| Normal Ca range | 8.5 - 10.5 |
| Normal Mg range | 1.8 - 2.7 |
| Normal pH | 7.35 - 7.45 |
| pH of acidosis | pH < 7.35 |
| pH of alkalosis | pH > 7.45 |
| pH that is incompatible with life | < 6.8 - > 7.8 |
| Normal PaCO2 range | 35-45 mmHg |
| Normal HCO3 range | 22 - 26 mEq/L |
| the normal Na % concentration | .9% |
| hypotonic tx saline % | .45% saline or 1/2 NS |
| hypertonic tx saline % | 3% saline |
| <7.35 >PaCO2 >HCO3 | resp acidosis |
| <7.35 <HCO3 <PaCO2 | metabolic acidosis |
| >7.45 <PaCO2 <HCO3 | resp alkalosis |
| >7.45 >HCO3 >PaCO2 | metabolic alkalosis |
| compensation for resp alkalosis | bicarb and base excess levels...kidneys excrete more bicarb |
| compensation for resp acidosis | kidneys absorb more bicarb or excrete more H...bicarb and base excess levels > |
| respiratory compensation change is ____ | slow= 2-3 days |
| metabolic compensation changes are ____ | fast= within minutes to hours |
| compensation for metabolic alkalosis | lungs decrease the rate and depth of ventilation....PaCO2 levels > |
| compensation for metabolic acidosis | lungs increase rate and depth of ventilation...PaCO2 levels decrease |
| if the pH comes within the normal range _____ | pt has been fully compensated |
| if the pH has changed but it not yet within normal range _____ | the pt has been partially compensated |
| if the pH has not changed at all _____ | the pt has not been compensated at all |
| if a pt is resp alkalosis (hyperventilating), they are trying to compensate by _____ | <HCO3 by excreting it through the kidneys |
| if a pt is resp acidosis (hypoventilating), they are trying to compensate by _____ | >HCO3 by absorbing it in the kidneys or by excreting more H |
| if a pt is meta alkalosis, they are trying to compensate by _____ | >PaCO2 levels by the lungs decreasing the rate and depth of ventilation |
| if a pt is meta acidosis, they are trying and compensate by _____ | <PaCO2 levels by the lungs increasing the rate and depth of ventilation |
| ECG change: FLAT T wave, presence of U wave | HYPOkalemia |
| ECG change: prolonged PR wave | HYPO and HYPER kalemia |
| ECG change: prolonged QT wave | HYPOkalemia, HYPOcalcemia and HYPOmagnesemia |
| ECG change: shortened QT wave | HYPERcalcemia |
| ECG change: dysrhythmias | HYPO and HYPER kalemia, calcemia, and HYPOmagnesemia |
| ECG change: inotropic effect | HYPERcalcemia |
| ECG change: flatten to no P wave | HYPERkalemia |
| ECG change: wide QRS | HYPERkalemia |
| ECG change: TALL, narrow, peaked T wave | HYPERkalemia |
| ECG change: depressed ST segment | HYPOkalemia |
Created by:
TayBay15
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