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Biology 101

Chapter 19 Speciation and the Origins of Biological Diversity

TermDefinition
Adaptive Trait Inherited characteristic that enables an individual to function well in its particular environment and therefore survive and reproduce
Natural Selection Evolutionary mechanism in which the individuals in a population that possess particular inherited characteristics survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals in the population
Adaptation Process of evolution though natural selection
Coevolution Process by which interactions among species drive evolutionary change in those species
Morphological species concept Idea that most species can be identified as a separate and distinct group of organisms by the unique set of morphological characteristics they possess
Reproductively isolated Condition in which barriers to reproduction prevent or strongly limit two or more populations from reproducing with one another
Prezygotic barriers Barrier that prevents a male gamete (like human sperm cell) and a female gamete (like a human egg cell) from fusing to form a zygote
Postzygotic barriers Barrier that prevents zygotes from developing into healthy offspring
Biological species concept Idea that a species is defined as a group of populations that can be interbreed but are reproductively isolated from other such groups
Hybridize To cause offspring to be produced
Speciation Splitting of one species to form two or more species that are reproductively isolated from one another
Geographical isolation Physical separation of populations from one another by a barrier such as a mountain chain or river
Allopatric speciation Formation of new species from populations that are geographically isolated from one another
Ring species Species whose populations loop around a geographic barrier and in which the populations at the two ends of the loop are in contact with one another
Sympatric speciation Formation of new species from populations that are not geographically isolated from one another
Created by: jlorenzen
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