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LE Review Ch. 3-4

NYS LE curriculum

QuestionAnswer
Asexual reproduction when a cell splits, creating two identical clones
Clones 2 identical organisms, with the same exact DNA
Biotechnology using technology to build/alter living tissue
Chromosome condensed (squished up) DNA, found in the nucleus
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid. Sequence of letters, A, T, C, G that pass on traits
Genes part of the DNA that “codes” for a trait
Genetic engineering altering genes, usually to treat or cure a disease ex)breast cancer gene. Bacteria making insulin
Genetic recombination during meiosis, some genes get switched between chromosomes (crossing over)
Heredity passing traits (genes) from parent to offspring
Mutation change in DNA that alters a gene
Replicate copy chromosomes before cell division
Selective breeding when organisms choose their mates
Sexual reproduction 2 parents each provide half the number of chromosomes. Increases variation in the species
Traits characteristic inherit from your parents
Differentiation when identical cells change to become specialized.
Egg female sex cell (haploid-half # chromosomes)
Embryo developing fertilized egg, cells are all the same
Fertilization act of combining the egg and sperm cell
Gamete egg cell and sperm cell
Fetus after 2 months of development, organs are formed
Meiosis cell division resulting in half number of chromosomes (haploid)
Mitosis normal cell division. Creates clones.
Ovaries in the female, where eggs are released
Placenta connection between mother’s uterus and baby. Nutrients and oxygen pass through.
Sex cell male and female cells that will combine during fertilization
Species organisms that can reproduce and make offspring that are fertile
Sperm male sex cell (haploid -half # chromosomes)
Uterus part of female reproductive system where baby develops.
Zygote fertilized egg, one cell
Estrogen female hormone responsible for sexual dev’t and menstrual cycles.
Testosterone male hormone responsible for sexual dev’t and formation of sperm
Created by: aweimer
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