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Micro 2

Test 3 (Survey of Microorganisms)

QuestionAnswer
What is the order or hierarchy from most inclusive to most specific? Domain --> Kingdom --> Phylum --> Class --> Order --> Family --> Genus --> Species
What are the two methods used for identification and classification? Phenotypic method and Genotypic method
What categories does the Phenotypic method include? Microscopic, Macroscopic, Bacterial physiology/biochemistry, Chemical analysis of cell walls and membranes, Serological analysis
What categories does the Genotypic method include? Genetic techniques
How many microbes can we cultivate? Only 1%
What two things are stable expressions of the identity of a microorganism? Enzymes and products of biochemical reactions
What test has been developed to identify common pathogens? Rapid identity tests
What have rapid identity tests been developed for? To identify common pathogens
What is a chemical analysis used for? For identifying the types of specific structural substances that the microorganism contains, such as lipids in membranes or peptides in the cell wall
What does a serological analysis examine? Examines blood for antibodies produced by immune system in response to specific microbiological antigens
How are guanine and cytosine related to genotypic methods? The % of gunanine and cytosine content in DNA is an indicator of relatedness.
How do scientists use specific probes to analyze DNA? use small pieces of DNA or RNA complementary to specific sequences of microorganism.
What is nucleic acid sequencing/RNA analysis? Sequence of the nitrogen bases in the ribosomal RNA
What is PCR used for? copying the DNA sequence
What is the difference between phenetic and phylogenetic? Phenetic- classification emphasizes morphological and physiological/biochemical similarity in estimating relatedness or similarity Phylogenetic- classification based on evolutionary relationships rather than morphological similarity
What was presented by Norman Pace in 1986? the phylogenetic relationships based on ribosomal RNA sequences
Why is ribosomal RNA used to view relationships between organisms? Ribosomes are present in every living cell for protein synthesis, they are of ancient origin, and they are different between species
Created by: 1363731667
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