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Bart's Rocks
Rocks & Rock Cycle& Volcanoes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a rock? | A mixture of minerals, rock pieces, volcanic glass, organic material or other natural materials. |
| What is the model called that shows the processes that create and change rocks. | The rock cycle |
| What process changes any rock type into a metamorphic rock? | Heat and Pressure |
| What rock type forms from the melting and then cooling of any type of rock? | Igneous Rock |
| What rock type forms when rocks are broken into pieces or fragments that are then cemented and compacted to form new rock. | Sedimentary rock |
| Is there a beginning or end to the rock cycle? | No any rock can change into any other rock type as long it undergoes the process needed to change it. |
| What is loose material such as rock fragments, mineral grains and bits of shell? | Sediment |
| How is sediment formed? | Weathering of existing rock to break it into pieces. |
| How are sediments moved? | Erosion which is the action of wind, water, ice or gravity. |
| What process forms sedimentary rocks? | Compaction and cementation |
| Can sedimentary rocks form when minerals come out of solutions (liquids)? | Yes |
| Which rock type is deposited in layers with the oldest layer on the bottom? | Sedimentary rock |
| How do we classify sedimentary rocks? | Classified by their composition and how they are formed |
| What are the 3 types of Sedimentary rocks? | 1.Detrital 2. Chemical 3. Organic |
| Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from broken pieces of rocks compacted and cemented together from dissolved minerals? | Detrital |
| Which type of sedimentary rock forms when minerals come out of solution and do not come from pre-existing rocks? | Chemical |
| Which type of sedimentary rock is composed of once living things? | Organic |
| What are the 2 types of Igneous rocks? | Extrusive and Intrusive |
| Which type of Igneous rock forms from fast cooling of lava outside the crust by volcanoes? | Extrusive |
| Which type of Igneous rock forms very small crystals? | Extrusive |
| Which type of Igneous rock forms from slow cooling of magma inside the crust of the Earth? | Intrusive |
| Which type of igneous rock forms medium to large crystals? | Intrusive |
| What word describes lava that has air bubbles trapped causing holes in the rocks after it cools? | Vesicular |
| What processes happen to create Igneous rocks? | The MELTING of any rock type followed by the COOLING into a new rock. |
| What is metamorphism? | The change of any rock type into metamorphic rock by heat & pressure or hot fluids. |
| Where does metamorphism happen? | Inside the Earth's crust. |
| What are the 2 types of metamorphic rocks? | Foliated and non-foliated |
| When strong compressive forces and heat create metamorphic rocks that have layers or bands they are called what? | Foliated |
| Which type of metamorphic rock is granular and does not have visible layers or bands? | Non-foliated |
| What rock is formed from cemented sand and can be a wide variety of colors? | Sandstone |
| What rock is made from very rounded grains of compacted silt? | Siltstone |
| What rock is made from compacted clay and has a fine grain size? | Shale |
| What rock is formed when calcium carbonate comes out of solution as calcite, forms cave structures like stalactites and stalagmites? | Limestone |
| What rock is made when evaporating sea water leaves the minerals behind? | Rock salt |
| What rock contains trapped once lving things sometimes large enough to see with the naked eye? | Fossiliferous Limestone |
| What rock is made of microscopic shells? | Chalk |
| What rock forms when pieces of dead plants or trees are buried under sediment and are then compacted? | Coal |
| Sandstone, Siltstone and shale are examples of this kind of Sedimentary rock. | Detrital |
| Limestone and Rock salt are examples of this kind of sedimentary rock. | Chemical |
| Fossiliferous Limestone, Chalk and Coal are examples of this type of sedimentary rock? | Organic |
| Rhyolite, Andesite, Basalt, Obsidian, Scoria and Pumice are examples of this type of rock. | Extrusive Igneous Rock |
| Granite, Diorite, and Gabbro are examples of this tyoe if rock. | Intrusive Igneous Rock |
| A tan/pink/white FINE GRAINED rock made of quartz, feldspar and some mica. | Rhyolite |
| A light gray colored FINE GRAINED rock made of plagioclase feldspar and horneblende. | Andesite |
| A dark gray to black FINE GRAINED rock made of plagioclase fledspar and pyroxene. It is the most common rock on Earth. | Basalt |
| A black, glassy, non-crystalline rock high in smokey quartz. | Obsidian |
| A red to gray colored rock makde of pyroclastic material (cinders) fused together. | Scoria |
| A rough, light colored rock made of microscopic pieces of pyroclastic glass (ash). It often will float in water due to all the pores (vesicular) holes in it left by trapped gases. | Pumice |
| A tan/pink/white COARSE GRAINED rock made of quartz, feldspars and some mica. | Granite |
| A light gray colored COARSE GRAINED rock containing plagioclase feldspar and horneblende. | Diorite |
| A dark gray to black COARSE GRAINED rock made of plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene. | Gabbro |
| Gneiss, Schist, Slate and Phyllite are examples of what type of rock? | Foliated Metamorphic rock |
| Marble and Quartzite are examples of what type of rock? | Non-foliated Metamorphic rock |
| A tan/pink/white rock that comes from Granite. | Gneiss |
| A gray/black/green foliated rock that comes form Shale. | Slate |
| A folaited rock that comes from basalt. It will occasionally contain garnets. | Schist |
| A foliated rock that comes from the metamorphic rocks Schist or Slate. | Phyllite |
| A durable non-foliated rock that comes from Limestone. | Marble |
| A hard non-foliated rock that comes from Sandstone. | Quartzite |
| What is an opening in the Earth's crust where lava, ash and gases are expelled? | Volcano |
| What is molten rock on the Earth's surface? | Lava |
| What is molten rock below the Earth's surface? | Magma |
| What are the 2 kinds of lava? | Aa and Pahoehoe |
| Which typoe of lava is thick, ropey and chunky? | Aa |
| Which type of lava is fluid and thin? | Pahoehoe |
| What are the 3 types of volcanoes? | Cinder Cone, Shield and Composite |
| Which volcano is the simplest type formed from viloent eruptions that eject blobs and particles of congealed lava from a single vent? This type of volcano has a bowl shaped crater at the summit and is rarely more than 1000 feet high. | Cinder Cone |
| This type of volcano is built from quiet eruptions of fluid lava flows that form gently sloping sides in a dome shape? | Shield |
| This type of volcano is built by both quiet and violent eruptions creating alternating layers of lava and ash that form into a steep sided symmetrical cone on a very large scale (very tall)? | Composite |
Created by:
mickeycurran
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