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Bio Lecture Exam 3.1
Chapter 10 Content of Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Phases of Life's Origin | Phase 1 - The formation of small molecules containing carbon and hydrogen Phase 2 - The formation of self-replicating, information-containing molecules Phase 3 - The development of a membrane, enabling metabolism and creating the first cells |
| The Basic Units of Biodiversity | Species |
| Scientific Name Parts | 1. Genus 2. Specific Epithet (Species) |
| Linnean System | (Domanin)-kingdom-phylum-class-order-family-genus-species |
| 3 Kingdoms | Animal, plant, mineral |
| Hybridization | The interbreeding of closely related species |
| Morphological Species Concept | Focuses on how species look to relate them |
| Speciation | One species splits into two distinct species |
| Allopatric Speciation | Speciation with geographic isolation |
| Sympatric Speciation | Speciation without geographic isolation |
| Evolutionary Trees | Show common ancestor, reveals evolutionary history and sequence of speciation events |
| Evolutionary Tree Diagram | . . . . |
| Monophyletic Groups | A group in which all of the individuals are more closely related to each other than to any individuals outside the group |
| Convergent Evolution | Occurs when populations of different organisms live in similar environments and so experience similar selective forces |
| Analogous Traits | Characteristics similar because of convergent evolution, not a common ancestor |
| Homologous Features | Features inherited from a common ancestor |
| Macroevolution | Evolution above the species level |
| Microevolution | A slight change in allele frequencies over one or a few generations |
| Adaptive Radiation | Times of extreme diversification |
| 3 Phenomena May Trigger Adaptive Radiation: | 1. Mass extinction events (comp. eliminated) 2. Colonization events (new resources, less comp) 3. Evolutionary innovations (evolution of an innovative feature) |
| All Living Organisms Divided into 3 Groups: | Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya |
| Groups of Archaea | 1. Thermophiles 2. Halophiles 3. High and Low pH tolerant archaea 4. High-pressure tolerant 5. Methanogens |
| Groups of Eukarya | Plants, animals, fungi, and protists |