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science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell Membrane | • controls what go into and out of the cell |
| selectively permeable | allows only certain substances to go into and out of the cell. |
| Materials move into and out of the cell by one of three methods: | Diffusion 2. Osmosis 3. Active Transport |
| DIFFUSION | Movement of materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| OSMOSIS | : the diffusion of water into and out of the cell. |
| ACTIVE TRANSPORT | process in which a cell uses energy to transport materials into or out of the cell from an area of low to high concentration. |
| Stomata | Holes in leaves – allow plants to breathe |
| Atoms | Every thing in the universe is made of atoms. |
| Molecules | Stick atoms together and you get a molecule |
| Photosynthesis | Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction Ingredients: Water Carbon Dioxide ENERGY!! Sunlight |
| The Carbon Cycle | Plant use carbon to make sugar molecules Plant produces oxygen animal takes in oxygen animal breaks down sugar molecules animal releases carbon dioxide plant takes in carbon dioxide |
| Photosynthesis | Carbon Dioxide + Water [in sunlight] Glucose + Oxygen {Raw Materials] [Yield] [Products] Carbon Dioxide and water MAKE sugar and oxygen. |
| Cellular respiration | The process where the cell produces ATP (energy) from O2 and glucose; carbon dioxide and water are the products. |
| Anaerobic | NO oxygen required |
| . Aerobic | Requires oxygen |
| Fermentation | is a process that makes energy in the absence of O2 which is known as anaerobic respiration. |
| Cell Cycle? | The cell cycle is an orderly cycle of growth & division of a cell. The cell cycle has three major phases: interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis. |
| Interphase | The longest phase in which the cell is dormant (inactive). Cell gets ready to go through cell division, carrying out life functions, especially growth. |
| What is Chromatin? | thread-like coils of chromosomes is seen in the cell. |
| Centrioles can be seen where? | In animal cells |
| What is Cell Division? | Cell division is a process in which one cell divides into two cells, which are each identical to the original cell. |
| What is Mitosis? | Mitosis is process in which the nucleus of a cell divides into two nuclei and the formation of two identical daughter cells begins. |
| What is stage 2 of the cell cycle? | Prophase |
| During which phase of the cell cycle do spindles begin to develop between the centrioles. | Prophase |
| During which phase of the cell cycle does the nuclear membrane begins to break down and disappear | Prophase |
| What is phase 3 of the cell cycle? | Metaphase |
| During which phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes begin to attach to the spindle and move to the midpoint of the cell, also known as the equator. | Metaphase |
| What is stage 4 of the cell cycle? | Anaphase |
| What happens in anaphase? | The centromere splits, allowing the sister chromatids to separate. Chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell along the spindle. |
| What is stage 5 of the cell cycle? | Telophase |
| What happens in telophase? | Chromosomes begin to uncoil. A nuclear membrane begins to reappear around the chromatin. Two nuclei are formed. |
| What is stage 6 of the cell cycle? | CYTOKINESIS |
| What happens in cytokinesis? | The cytoplasm in the cell begins to divide. In an animal cell, the cytoplasm pinches together to form two new cells. Rather than pinching together, in a plant cell, a cell plate forms, creating two new cells. |
| What is the Acronym for remembering ALL of the stages of the cell cycle? | I peeled my apple today class |
| What are ALL 6 of the stages of the cell cycle? | Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telaphase, Cytokinesis |
| What is Selectively Permeable Membrane? | That cells can let some things in while letting other things out |
| What is diffusion? | When particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration. |
| What is equilibrium? | This is when all the concentrations are the same and the cell is balanced. Particles are spread out evenly |
| What is passive transport? | When a cell allows particles to just flow across the cell membrane using diffusion it is called passive transport. |
| What is facilitated diffusion? | This is when the cell has a gate to allow certain molecules to go through diffusion. They encourage diffusion to happen. |
| What is active transport? | This is when the cell wants to move particles from a low Concentration to a Higher concentration. This is the opposite direction that diffusion is pushing particles so the cell needs to use energy. This is like trying to go upstream. You need energy |
| What is osmosis? | This is diffusion of water through a membrane |
| In osmosis water always moves __________ the particles! | towards |
| Water always moves towards the side with ______________. | more particles |
| In an Isotonic Solution | there is same concentration of particles inside and outside the cell |
| In a hypertonic solution | Particles have higher concentration outside the cell |
| In a hypotonic solution | Solution The cell has a higher concentration of particles inside than outside |
| What is Endocytosis | This is where the cell membrane wraps around a particle and pulls it into the cell. |
| what is Exocytosis | This is opposite of endocytosis where a cell makes an opening to push out particles |
| What is photosynthesis? | Plants uses energy from the sun to make sugar(Glucose) . |
| What is a chloroplast? | Part of a plant cell that is filled with chlorophyll, this is where photosynthesis takes place |
| What is chlorophyll? | Chemical in chloroplast that absorbs energy from sun for photosynthesis. Makes plants green . To remember the difference you can think. ChloroPHYLL fills the chloroplast |
| What is respiration? | This is where your cells take oxygen and use it to burn sugar(glucose) to release energy. The sugar is broken apart into carbon Dioxide and water and energy is released. |
| Where does respiration happen? | mitochondria |
| What are the four steps of mitosis? | Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telaphase |
| What happens in Cytokinesis | cell splits in two |
| What is active transport? | process in which a cell uses energy to transport materials into or out of the cell from an area of low to high concentration |
Created by:
asanders2000
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