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Bio101 Chpt 20
Biology Chapter 20
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adipose tissue | A type of connective tissue whose cells contain fat. |
| anatomy | The study of the structure of an organism. |
| blood | A type of connective tissue with a fluid matrix called plasma in which cells are suspended |
| bone | A type of connective tissue consisting of living cells held in a rigid matrix of collagen fibers embedded in calcium salts. |
| cardiac muscle | Striated muscle that forms the contractile tissue of the heart. |
| cartilage | A flexible connective tissue consisting of living cells and collagenous fibers embedded in a rubbery matrix. |
| circulatory system | The organ system that transports materials such as nutrients, O2, and hormones to body cells and transports CO2 and other wastes from body cells. |
| connective tissue | Tissue consisting of a sparse population of cells held in an abundant extracellular matrix, which they produce. |
| digestive system | The organ system involved in absorption of nutrients, and elimination of wastes. |
| endocrine system | The organ system consisting of ductless glands that secrete hormones and the molecular receptors on or in target cells that respond to the hormones; cooperates with the nervous system in regulating body functions and maintaining homeostasis. |
| epithelial tissue | A sheet of tightly packed cells lining organs, body cavities, and external surfaces. |
| fibrous connective tissue | A dense tissue with large numbers of collagenous fibers organized into parallel bundles. This is the dominant tissue in tendons and ligaments. |
| homeostasis | The steady state of body functioning; a state of equilibrium characterized by a dynamic interplay between outside forces that tend to change an organism's internal environment and the internal control mechanisms that oppose such changes. |
| immune system | An animal body's system of defenses against agents that cause disease. |
| integumentary system | The organ system consisting of the skin and its derivatives, such as hair and nails in mammals; helps protect the body from drying out, mechanical injury, and infection. |
| interstitial fluid | An aqueous solution that surrounds body cells and through which materials pass back and forth between the blood and the body tissues. |
| loose connective tissue | The most widespread connective tissue in the vertebrate body. It binds epithelia to underlying tissues and functions as packing material, holding organs in place. |
| lymphatic system | The system which includes vessels, nodes, and spleen. This system helps remove toxins and pathogens from the blood and interstitial fluid and returns fluid and solutes from the interstitial fluid to the circulatory system. |
| muscle tissue | Tissue consisting of long cells that are capable of contracting when stimulated by nerve impulses; the most abundant tissue in a typical animal. |
| muscular system | All the skeletal muscles in the body. |
| negative feedback | A common control mechanism in which a chemical reaction, metabolic pathway, or hormone-secreting gland is inhibited by the products of the reaction, pathway, or gland. |
| nervous system | The organ system that forms a communication and coordination network between all parts of an animal's body. |
| neuron | A nerve cell; the fundamental structural and functional unit of the nervous system, specialized for carrying signals from one location in the body to another. |
| organ | A structure consisting of several tissues adapted as a group to perform specific functions. |
| organ system | A group of organs that work together in performing vital body functions. |
| organism | An individual living thing, such as a bacterium, fungus, protist, plant, or animal. |
| physiology | The study of the functions of an organism's structures. |
| reproductive system | The body organ system responsible for reproduction. |
| respiratory system | The organ system that functions in exchanging gases with the environment. It supplies the blood with O2 and disposes of CO2. |
| skeletal muscle (striated muscle) | Striated muscle attached to the skeleton. The contraction of striated muscles produces voluntary movements of the body. |
| skeletal system | The organ system that provides body support and protects body organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs. |
| smooth muscle | Muscle made up of cells without striations, found in the walls of organs such as the digestive tract, urinary bladder, and arteries. |
| tissue | An integrated group of cells with a common function, structure, or both. |
Created by:
dtgs2010
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