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Atoms and Chemicals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atoms | smallest particle of an element |
| Element | chemical that cannot be changed by ordinary chemical means |
| Compound | chemical containing more than one type of element |
| Example of Compound | Water, Carbon Dioxide |
| Molecule | smallest particle in a compound |
| Parts of an atom | Proton, Neutron, Electron |
| Elements can vary and not vary what? | Vary- electrons and neutrons NOT vary- protons |
| Nuclear Powerplant | Can break an atom and split the neuclus in half |
| Carbon Atomic # | 6 |
| What determines the element? | The # of protons |
| If you change the # of proton... | You change the element |
| If you change the # of electrons... | The element stays the same, but you have an ion |
| Nitrogen Atomic # | 7 |
| Pull an electron away, you get a... | Negative |
| Add an electron, you get a... | Positive |
| If you change the # of neutrons... | The element stays the same, but you have an isotope |
| Example of an isotope | Carbon 14 |
| Oxygen Atomic # | 8 |
| Phosphorous Atomic # | 15 |
| Sulfur Atomic # | 16 |
| Neutrons can be different or same? | Different |
| Protons and electrons cane be same or different? | Same |
| Electrons arranged around what? | They are arranged in layers (shells) arranged the nucleus |
| Lowest layers can have how many electrons | 2 |
| The next layers can have how many electrons? | 8 |
| Atoms can bond with who? | Each other (together) |
| Think of an atom bond as... | Reversible glue |
| Bonds are what? | Share of two electrons between two atoms |
| Bonding changes what? | Chemical properties |
| What is the determining factor in bonding? | How many electrons are in the outer shell |
| Why do atoms generally bond together? | To get their outer shell full |
| If Carbon has 4 electrons in the outer shell, you can have how many bonds? | 4 |
| If Nitrogen has 5 electrons in the outer shell, you can have how many bonds? | 3 |
| Single bonds share how many electrons? | 2 (look at picture on notes) |
| Double bonds share how many electrons? | 4 (look at picture on notes) |
| Triple bonds share how many electrons? | 6 (look at picture on notes) |
| Where is energy stored? | In bonds |
| Where is glucose? | Sugar flowing in our bloodstreams |
| What happens when someone doesn't get enough glucose? | Pass out |
| Where does the energy in glucose come from? | Sun |
| What does plants do with the sun's energy? | They trap the energy and link the Carbon atoms together resulting in photosynthesis |
| Why does Plants and animals break the C-C bond? | To extract energy |
| The cells use the energy to... | work (keep the cells alive) |
| Two important rules about energy | ---- |
| 1st Rule | Energy can neither be destroyed nor created |
| 2nd Rule | If energy is left to itself, any system can become less organized |
| How can life persist? | Life uses energy to maintain its organization |
Created by:
animalsavior
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