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8A - Ch 1&2 Sound
Mrs. Robbins Class Chapter 1 & 2 Sound Test Review
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pitch | description of a sound as high or low - related to frequency |
| Infrasonic | sound below the range of human hearing (20 Hz) |
| Ultrasonic | Sound above the range of human hearing (20,000 Hz) |
| Sound | A longitudinal wave that is produced when matter vibrates. Anything that vibrates produces sound. |
| Speed of Sound | 340 m/sec in room temperature air. Speed of sound is dependent on the medium that sound is traveling through. The medium's temperature, density, and elastic property also affect the speed of sound. |
| Sound travels fastest through... | solids and slowest through gases. |
| Doppler Effect | Change in pitch that occurs when there is motion between the source of its sound and its obsever |
| Intensity | Amount of energy carried by a wave - indicated by amplitude. Higher amplitude = greater intensity. Measured in decibels |
| Wave | Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another |
| Medium | Substance through which a wave travels. (solid, liquid or gas) |
| Mechanical Wave | Wave that requires a medium (ex. sound) |
| Electromagnetic Wave | Wave that consists of electric & magnetic fields and does not requre a medium to exist. (ex. light) |
| Crest | hight point of a wave |
| Trough | low point of a wave |
| Amplitude | Greatest distance from rest of a wave. Indicates the amount of energy carried by a wave. Greater Amplitude = More Energy |
| Wavelength | Distance between two consecutive similar points on a wave. Usually measured from crest to crest or trough to trough. |
| Frequency | Number of waves that pass a certain point in a given amount of time. Measured in Hertz. |
| Hertz | Number of waves per second. |
| Transverse Wave | Wave where particles move up & down when the wave's motion is horizonal. (ex. light) |
| Longitudinal Wave | Wave where particles of the medium move in the same direction that the wave moves. (ex. sound) |
| Compression | space in the medium where the particles are crowded together. |
| Rarefaction | Space in the medium where there are fewer particles |
| Speed Formula | Speed = Frequency x Wavelength |
| Reflection | Bouncing back of waves upon reaching another surface |
| Law of Reflection | States angle of incidence = angle of reflection |
| Refraction | Bending of waves do to a change in speed because of a change of mediums. |
| Diffraction | Bending of waves around the edge of an obstacle. |
| Interference | Interaction of waves that occur at the same place and the same time. |
| Specular Reflection | The bouncing back of waves from a smooth, even surface |
| Diffuse Reflection | The bouncing back of waves from a rough, uneven surface |
| SONAR | technique of using sound waves to measure distance. SOund Navigation And Ranging |
| Ultrasound | technique of measuring reflected sound waves sent into the body |
| Outer Ear | Part of the human ear that funnels sound waves into the ear. |
| Eardrum | Stretched membrane in the ear that vibrates at the same frequency as the sound waves that enter the ear. |
| Middle Ear | Part of the eat that receives vibrations from the eardrum and contains the hammer, the anvil, and the stirrup. |
| Inner Ear | Liquid filled portion of the ear thar receives vibrations from the middle ear. |
| Cochlea | Part of the ear that contains hundreds of nerve cells attached to nerve fibers |
Created by:
nrobbins
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