Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Energy | the ability to do work |
| photosynthesis | the chemical process that turns carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll |
| Producers | carbohydrate molecules which have energy in the chemical bonds that hold them together. |
| Biomass | (bio=living; mass=matter) Biomass is the total organic matter in an ecosystem. |
| autotrophs | (auto=self; troph=food) self-feeders |
| consumers | organisms that eat other organisms |
| heterotroph | organisms that eat other organisms are also referred to as heterotrophs.(hetero=different) |
| herbivores | Animals that eat only plants, such as mice, elephants, deer and caterpillars |
| primary consumers | first level of consumer |
| secondary consumers | when primary consumers are eaten, they provide food(energy)for other organisms, called secondary consumers |
| carnivores | secondary consumers are carnivores, or meat eaters. They live by eating herbivores. |
| tertiary consumers | animals that feed on the secondary consumers, may be part of the ecosystem. |
| omnivores | having a diet of both producers and consumers |
| decomposers | organisms such as bacteria, mushrooms, and other fungi |
| trophic level | organisms in an ecosystem can be grouped by how they get food |
| cellular respiration | chemical process that uses oxygen to convert chemical energy stored in organic molecules into ATP |
| detritus | wastes and remains of dead organisms |
| food web | pattern of feeding in an ecosystem consisting of interconnected and branching food chains |
| food chain | pathway of food transfer from one trophic level to another |
| primary productivity | rate at which producers in an ecosystem build biomass |
| energy pyramid | diagram representing energy loss from one trophic level to the next |
| biomass pyramid | diagram representing the biomass in each trophic level of an ecosystem |
| pyramid of numbers | representation of the number of individual organisms in each trophic level of an ecosystem |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| potential energy | energy stored due to an object's position or arrangement |
| thermal energy | total amount of energy associated with the random movement of atoms and molecules in a sample of matter |
| chemical energy | potential to perform work due to the arrangement of atoms within molecules |
| calorie | amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1°C |
| ATP | (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work |
| chloroplast | organelle found in some plant cells and certain unicellular organisms where photosynthesis takes place |
| chlorophyll | pigment that gives a chloroplast its green color; uses light energy to split water molecules during photosynthesis |
| stroma | thick fluid contained in the inner membrane of a chloroplast |
| thylakoid | disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast; site of the light reactions of photosynthesis |
| light reactions | chemical reactions that convert the sun's energy to chemical energy; take place in the membranes of thylakoids in the chloroplast |
| Calvin cycle | cycle in plants that makes sugar from carbon dioxide, H+ ions, and high-energy electrons carried by NADPH |
| equation for photosynthesis | 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → 6(CH2O) + 6 O2 |
| wavelength | distance between adjacent waves |
| electromagnetic spectrum | range of types of electromagnetic energy from gamma waves to radio waves |
| pigment | chemical compound that determines a substance's color |
| paper chromatography | laboratory technique used to observe the different pigments in a material |
| photosystem | cluster of chlorophyll and other molecules in a thylakoid |
| meiosis | type of cell division that produces four cells, each with half as many chromosomes as the parent cell |
| karyotype | display of a person's 46 chromosomes |
| homologous chromosome | one of a matching pair of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent |
| sex chromosome | one of two chromosomes of the 23rd pair of human chromosomes, which determine an individual's gender |
| diploid | having two homologous sets of chromosomes |
| gamete | egg or sperm sex cell that contains a single set of chromosomes, one from each homologous pair |
| haploid | having a single set of chromosomes |
| fertilization | the fusion of the nucleus of a haploid sperm cell and the nucleus of a haploid egg cell, forming a diploid zygote |
| zygote | diploid cell formed when the nucleus of a haploid sperm cell fuses with the nucleus of a haploid egg cell |
| tetrad | group of four chromatids formed during prophase I of meiosis by the two sister chromatids in each of the two homologous chromosomes |
| hybrid | offspring of two different true-breeding varieties |
| monohybrid cross | mating of two organisms that differ in only one character |
| allele | alternative form of a gene |
| homozygous | having identical alleles for a gene |
| heterozygous | having different alleles for a gene |
| dominant | descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that appears to be the only one affecting a trait |
| recessive | descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that does not appear to affect a trait |
| Punnett square | diagram showing the probabilities of the possible outcomes of a genetic cross |
| phenotype | observable traits of an organism |
| genotype | genetic makeup of an organism; an organism's combination of alleles |
| testcross | mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype with a homozygous recessive individual |
| dihybrid cross | mating of two organisms that differ in two characters |
Created by:
AGUJI
Popular Biology sets