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Lab 7 [PHY-127-40]
Metamorphic Rocks, Processes, and Resources
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Parent (Protolith) | the rock type that was metamorphosed |
| Recrystallization | process whereby small crystals of one mineral will slowly convert to fewer, larger crystals of the same mineral, without melting of the rock |
| Neomorphism | Minerals not only recrystallize but, also form different minerals from the same chemical elements. |
| Texture | a description of its constituent parts and their sizes, shapes, and arrangements |
| Slaty rock cleavage | flat foliation developed along flat, parallel, closely spaced shear planes in tightly folded clay- or mica- rich rocks --flat-- |
| Slaty rock cleavage [foliated or non-foliated] | foliated |
| Slaty rock cleavage [rocks] | muscovite, chlorite |
| Phyllite texture | a wavy and/or wrinkled foliation of fine-grained platy minerals that gives the rock a satiny or metallic luster; normally developed or perpendicular to a weak slaty cleavage, and it is a product of intermediate-grade metamorphism --wavy, wrinkled-- |
| Phyllite texture [foliated or non-foliated] | foliated |
| Phyllite texture [rocks] | muscovite, chlorite |
| Schistosity | scaly glittery layering of visible (medium to coarse-grained) platy minerals a/o linear alignment of long prismatic crystals; break along foliations; a product of intermediate-to-high grades of metamorphism --slaty, glittery-- |
| Schistosity [foliated or non-foliated] | foliated |
| Schistosity [rocks] | micas, chlorite, tourmaline, hornblende, kyanite |
| Gneissic banding | alternating layers of light & dark medium to coarse-grained minerals; Most form by high-grade metamorphism (including recrystallization) of clay or mica-rich rocks [shale] or igneous rocks [granite and dorite] --layers-- |
| Gneissic banding [foliated or non-foliated] | foliated |
| Gneissic banding [rocks] | ferromagnesian-->dark bands & quartz, feldspars-->light bands |
| Crystalline texture | a medium- to coarse-grained aggregate of intergrown, usually equal-sized (equigranular), visible crystals. --equigranular-- |
| Crystalline texture [foliated or non-foliated] | non-foliated |
| Crystalline texture [rocks] | marble |
| Microcrystalline texture | a fine-grained aggregate of intergrown microscopic crystals. --intergrown-- |
| Microcrystalline texture [foliated or non-foliated] | non-foliated |
| Microcrystalline texture [rocks] | Hornfels |
| Sandy texture | a medium- to coarse-grained aggregate of fused, sand-sized grains that resembles sandstone --fused-- |
| Sandy texture [foliated or non-foliated] | non-foliated |
| Sandy texture [rocks] | quartzite |
| Glassy texture | a homogeneous texture with no visible grains or other structures and breaks along glossy surfaces --no visible crystals-- |
| Glassy texture [foliated or non-foliated] | non-foliated |
| Glassy texture [rocks] | anthracite coal |
| Polymorphs | minerals have the same chemical composition but different crystalline structure and physical properties that can be used to distinguish them. |
| foliation | layering and parallel alignment of platy (flat) mineral crystals |
| non-foliation | no obvious layering; may exhibit stretched fossils or long, prismatic crystals that have grown parallel to the pressure field |
Created by:
KierstyN_O13
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