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Chapter 5
Meteorology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Another name for visible white frost | hoarfrost |
| These particles serve as surfaces on which water vapor may condense | condensation nuclei |
| Fog that forms as moist air flows upward along an elevated surface | upslope fog |
| Arctic sea smoke and :steam devils" are a form of this type of fog | steam fog |
| A tiny liquid drop of dew that freezes when the air temperature drops below freezing | frozen dew |
| A positive benefit of fog for fruit and nu trees | winter chilling |
| Fog that most often forms as warm rain falls into a cold layer of surface air | frontal fog |
| When fog "burns off" it does this | evaporates |
| Satellite that provides a vertical view of cloud properties including precipitation intensity | CloudSat |
| The most common type of fog along the Pacific coast of North America | advection fog |
| Beads of water that have condensed onto objects near the ground | dew |
| Fog that most commonly forms on clear nights, with light or calm winds | radiation fog |
| A "mackerel sky" describes this cloud | cirrocumulus |
| A low, lumpy cloud layer that appears in rows, patches, or rounded masses | stratocumulus |
| A towering cloud that has not fully developed into a thunderstorm | cumulus congestus |
| Hail is usually associated with this cloud type | cumulonimbus |
| The sun or moon are dimly visible or appear watery through this gray, sheetlike cloud | altostratus |
| A halo around the sun or moon often identifies the presence of this cloud | cirrostratus |
| Wispy, high clouds | cirrus |
| Light of moderate but steady precipitation that covers a broad area is most often associated with this cloud | nimbostratus |
| This cloud's elements should be about the size of your thumbnail when your hand is extended to arm's lenght | altocumulus |
| Lighting and thunder are associated with this cloud | cumulonimbus |
| A cloud of vertical development that resembles a small piece of floating cotton | cumulus |
| A middle cloud that occasionally forms in parallel waves or bands | altocumulus |
| The cloud with the smallest elements or puffs as viewed from the surface | cirrocumulus |
| A low, uniform, grayish cloud, whose precipitation is most commonly drizzle | stratus |
| This cloud's elements should be about the size of your fist when your hand is extended to arm's lenght | stratocumulus |
| When fog lifts above the surface it forms this gray, sheetlike cloud | stratus |
| Cloud with the greatest vertical growth | cumulonimbus |
| Cirrus clouds are composed primarily of | ice crystals |
| Fog that forms as relatively warm air moves over a colder surface is called | advection fog |
| The cooling of the grounds to produce dew and frost is mainly the result of | radiational cooling |
| Clouds that appear as bag-like sacks hanging from beneath a cloud are called | mammatus |
| A cloud-like steam seen forming behind a jet aircraft is called | contrail or condensation trail |
| Another name for "Water-seeking" condensation nuclei is | hygroscopic |
| Clouds with a lens shape that often form over and downwind of mountains are called | lenticular |
| Another name for a "luminous night cloud" is | noctilucent cloud |
| A cloud that sometimes resembles a silken scarf capping the top of a developing cumulus cloud is the | pileus or cap cloud |
| Clouds that form in the stratosphere and are also called mother-of-pearl clouds | nacreous |
| Ragged-looking clouds that drift rapidly with the wind, often beneath a nimbostratus cloud, are called | scud |
| Condensation nuclei are important in the atmosphere because | without them, condensation would not occur naturally in the atmosphere |
| The fog most likely to form on a clear, calm autumn morning above a cold lake is | evaporation (mixing) fog |
| A cloud that resembles :little castles in the sky" is called | castellanus |
| A reasonably successful method of dispersing cold fog is to | seed the fog with dry ice |
| Of the different types of fog listed below, which one does not necessarily form in air that is cooling | evaporation (mixing) fog |
| If you are standing outside and notice that the sky is covered with a high, white layered cloud, and you look at the ground and observe your shadow, you may conclude that the cloud overhead is | cirrostratus |
| The highest clouds in our atmosphere are called | noctilucent clouds |
| If a cloud appears white in a visible satellite image and gray in an infrared image, the the cloud most likely is a | low cloud |
| The wintertime fog that often occurs in the central valley of California is mainly | radiation fog |
| The satellites that are positioned at the highest level above Earth's surface are | geostationary satellites |
| Which of the clouds least likely to produce previpitation that reaches the ground | cirrocumulus |
| A cloud that forms in descending air is | mammatus |
| Which of the statements below is correct about polar orbiting satellites | on each successive orbit, the cover an area to the west of the previous orbit |
| The relative humidity could well exceed 100 percent without producing fog when | there are no condensation nuclei present |
| Fog can be compose of ice crystals(T/F) | T |
| In middle latitudes, high clouds are typically observed above altitudes of 20,000 ft(T/F) | T |
| Advection fog is more likely to form at the headlands, rather than at the beaches of an irregular coastline because at the headlands surface winds then to converge and rise.(T/F) | T |
| Cirrus clouds appear white in a visible satellite picture and gray in an infrared satellite picture(T/F) | F |
| Frost forms when water vapor changes directly into ice without first becoming a liquid (T/F) | T |
| Dew is most likely to form on clear, windy nights(T/F) | F |
| When clouds are viewed near the horizon, the individual cloud elements often appear farther apart than they actually are(T/F) | F |
| Infrared satellite images are computer enhanced to increase contrast between specific features in the picture(T/F) | T |
| Valleys are most susceptible to radiation fog than are hilltops(T/F) | T |
| The largest concentration of condensation nuclei is usually observed at cloud level(T/F) | F |
| On a winter night the air cools to the dewpoint temperature and a thick layer of radiation fog forms around midnight. If the air continues to cool during the night, in 5 hours or so the dew point temperature will probably be higher than it was at midnight | F |
| With the same water vapor content, fog that forms in clear air is usually thicker (more opaque) than fog that forms in dirty air(T/F) | F |
| Dry haze usually restricts visibility more than wet haze(T/F) | F |
| Instruments that measure the height of a cloud's base above the ground are called ceilometers(T/F) | T |
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