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sociology ch. 8
crime
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| criminology | study of crime from a scientific perspective. |
| Conflict theory on crime | claims that disadvantaged groups are more likely to become criminals |
| What influences criminal attitude the most? | Outside social influences |
| What fraction of crimes are reported? | 2/3 |
| What are the six index crimes? | Murder, manslaughter, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, property damage |
| What is a gang? | A small group of people with family-like bonds who protect their territory by committing crimes |
| What does race have to do with crime? | Improves the chances of being arrested if you're not white |
| Personal crimes | violent/nonviolent crimes directed at people. |
| Property crimes | Theft or change of property w/o bodily harm. |
| Victimless crimes | Violate laws but are not serious |
| Hate crimes | Assaults or other malicious acts driven by bias, racism, or sexual orientation. |
| Elite Crime | Criminal activities by persons of high social status. These crimes are usually committed at the job. |
| Organized crime | Committed by organized groups, such as the mafia |
| Social differentiation | Process in which different statuses develop in any group, organization, society. Cheerleader status, players, coaches, etc. |
| Social stratification | Hierarchical arrangement in society by which different groups have access to different resources and power |
| Forms of stratification (3) | Estate, caste, class systems. |
| Who came up with life chances and what are they? | Max Weber and they are opportunities that people have in life by being in a particular class. |
| What are 5 things that affect class the most? | income, wealth, education, occupation, location of residence |
| Marx defined classes by: | Means of production, and 2 classes. Working class and capitalist class. |
| Compare capitalist class to working class | working class sells labor for wages while capitalist class owns means of production |
| Who predicted a class struggle? | Marx |
| What are the 3 things that weber added to social stratification? | class (economic), status (cultural and social), power (political) |
| what differs weber from marx? | Weber saw three more aspects to stratification while marx focused on the economical aspect. |
| Function perspective on class inequality | Different classes are essential to society. Inequality motivates people to fill different positions in society that are needed to survive as a whole |
| Who claimed that the "dirty work" will be done by people who need jobs | Herbert Gan |
| Status attainment | people end up in a given position in the stratification system |
| What is socioeconomic status based off of? (3) | income, occupational prestige, education |
| Noveau riche | Upper-class members with newly acquired wealth |
| Class conflict | Emphasizes power relations in society classes |
| Manegerial class | Middle class. |
| Wealth | Monetary value - debt |
| Income | Amount of money brought into a household |
| Gender and class | Majority of women are middle class |
| What percentage of death row inmates are black? | 44 |
| Are there more white people or racial minorities in prison? | over half are racial minorities |
| at what percentage do federal prisoners are serving drug sentences? | 60% |
| What percentage of women are black in prison? | 57% |
| what percentage of women are pregnant or just had a baby that are in jail? | 25% |
| How many inmates that were serving drug charges actually receive treatment? | 20% |
| How full is the occupancy of the jail? | 100% |
Created by:
Chelseagirl2508
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