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HB_Cell-Transport

Cell Membrane and Cell Transport Flashcards for Honors Biology

TermDefinition
Ion Channel In a cell membrane, a pore through which ions can pass.
Isotonic Solution A solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell.
Equilibrium A state that exists when the concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space.
Hypertonic Solution A solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell.
Facilitated Diffusion The transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the help of carrier proteins.
Receptor Protein A protein that binds specific signal molecules, which causes the cell to respond in a specific way.
Hypotonic Solution A solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside a cell.
Passive Transport The movement of substance across a cell membrane without the use of energy by cell.
Concentration Gradient A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance.
Carrier Protein A protein that transports substances across a cell membrane.
Osmosis The diffusion of water or another solvent from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution through a membrane that is permeable to the solvent.
Active Transport The movement of substances, usually across the cell membrane, against a concentration gradient; requires cells to use energy.
Diffusion The movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density.
Selectively Permeable Allows some substances to cross the membrane more easily than others.
Channel Proteins provide corridors that allow specific molecules to pass through membrane
Phospholipid a lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule (with a polar head and non-polar tails)
Hydrophobic substance that tends to repel or fail to mix with water.
Hydrophilic substance that tends to mix with, dissolve in, or be wetted by water.
Marker Proteins Act as identification for the cell
Receptor Proteins Transfer information from one side to the other
Endocytosis the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.
Exocytosis a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane.
Pinocytosis the ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane.
Phagocytosis the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans.
Created by: lucasea192
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