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SLS Bio12 KM
SLS Bio12 Cell Structure KM
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Active Transport | the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy. |
| Carrier Protein | A protein that transports specific substance through intracellular compartments, into the extracellular fluid, or across the cell membrane. |
| Cell Membrane | the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| Channel Protein | Channel proteins are trans-membrane proteins found in the phospholipid bilayer membranes in our bodies. |
| Concentration Gradient | a gradual change in the concentration of solutes in a solution as a function of distance through a solution. |
| Diffusion | Diffusion is a process where molecules from a highly concentrated area move to a place where there are fewer molecules. |
| Endocytosis | the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole. |
| Facilitated Transport | Facilitated diffusion is a process of passive transport, with this passive transport aided by integral membrane proteins. |
| Fluid-Mosaic membrane model | A model conceived by S.J. Singer and Garth Nicolson in 1972 to describe the structural features of biological membranes. |
| Glycolipid | Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached. Their role is to provide energy and also serve as markers for cellular recognition. |
| Glycoprotein | any of a class of proteins which have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain. |
| hydrophilic | having a tendency to mix with, dissolve in, or be wetted by water |
| hydrophobic | tending to repel or fail to mix with water. |
| hypertonic | has higher concentration of solute than the cell, water diffuses out and the cell shrivels |
| hypertonic | has a lower concentration of solute than the cell causing water to diffuse into the cell. The cell will swell and could burst. |
| isotonic | has the same concentration of solute as the cell so water diffuses in and out evenly |
| osmosis | a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one. 2. |
| passive transport processes | A kind of transport by which ions or molecules move along a concentration gradient, which means movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
| phagocytosis | the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans. |
| phospholipid | a lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule, e.g. phosphatidylcholine. |
| phospholipid bilayer | The two layers of phospholipids arranged in such a way that their hydrophobic tails are projecting inwards while their polar head groups are projecting on the outside surfaces |
| pinocytosis | the ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane. |
| pressure gradient | the space rate of variation of pressure in a given direction; |
| selectively permeable | the cell membrane has some control over what can cross it, so that only certain molecules either enter or leave the cel |
| tonicity | A property of a solution that depends on the osmotic force exerted across the membrane as influenced by the differing concentrations of solutes in and out of the cell. |
Created by:
Kmutter
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