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Chapter 10 Vocab
Words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Evolution | Is the process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors |
| Species | Is a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can reproduce and have fertile offspring |
| Fossils | Are traces of organisms that existed in the past |
| Catastrophism | States that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruptions have happened often during earth's long history |
| Gradualism | Principle that states that the changes in landforms result from slow changes over a long period of time |
| Uniformitarianism | Proposes that present geologic processes are the key to the past |
| Variation | Is the difference in the physical traits of an individual from those or other individuals in the group they belong |
| Adaptation | Is a feature that allows an organism to better survive in its environment |
| Artifical Selection | Process by which humans modify a species by breeding it for certain trait |
| Heritability | Is the ability of a trait to be passed down from generation to the next |
| Natural Selection | Is a mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring an average than do other individuals |
| Population | Is all the individuals of a species that live in an area |
| Fitness | Is a measure of the ability to survive and produce more offspring relative to other members of the population in a given environment |
| Biogeography | The study of the distribution of organisms around the world |
| Homologous Structure | Are features that are similar in structure but appear in different organisms and have different functions |
| Analogous structure | Are structures that perform a similar function-in this case, flight- but are not similar in origin |
| Vestigial Structures | Are remnants of organs or structures that had a function in an early ancestor |
| Paleontology | The study of fossils or extinct organisms, continues to provide new information and support current hypotheses about how evolution occurs |