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Chapter 5
| Term | |
|---|---|
| Plasmolysis | shrinking of the cell membrane of a plant cell in hypertonic solution in response to the loss of water by osmosis |
| passive transport | molecules being moved through cells without the use of energy |
| diffusion | movement of molecules from a higher concentration to a lower concentration |
| concentration gradient | difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance |
| equilibrium | when the concentration is the same throughout the solution |
| osmosis | when molecules diffuse from low concentration to high concentration |
| hypotonic | the cells are pressed against the cell walls. a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| hypertonic | the cells pull away from the cell walls. A solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| isotonic | normal shape. concentration of the solute is equal to concentration in the cell. |
| contractile vacuole | organelles that remove water from the cell |
| turgor pressure | pressure exerted from the water inside the cell |
| cytolysis | when cells swell and eventually burst |
| facilitated diffusion | the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins |
| carrier protein | proteins that assist facilitated diffusion |
| ion channels | complex or protein molecules in a cell membrane that form a pore through which ions can pass |
| active transport | the movement of chemical substance across a membrane that uses energy |
| sodium potassium pump | a carrier protein that uses ATP to transport sodium and potassium up their concentration gradients |
| endocytosis | process by which a cell membrane surrounds a large particle and encloses the particle in a vescicle to bring the particle into the cell |
| vescicle | sacs that pinch off of the plasma membrane to become membrane bound organelles |
| pinocytosis | method of active transport of solutes or fluids across a cell membrane. Cell takes in extracellular fluids |
| phagocytosis | process by which of large particles or whole cells are engulfed by a phagocyte |
| phagocyte | they ingest viruses and bacteria that enter the body |
| exocytosis | process which a substance is removed from a cell |
Created by:
jkjeans
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