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Chapter 8 Vocab. #1

Life's Structures and Classification/Viruses & Diseases

TermDefinition
Binomial Nomenclature The two-word naming system that Linnaeus used to name various organisms.
Cell The smallest unit of an organism that carries on the functions of life.
Cell Membrane The protective layer surrounding every cell.
Cell Theory States that all organisms are made up of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from other cells.
Cell Wall Rigid structure that encloses, supports, and protects the cells of plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria.
Chloroplast Green, chlorophyll-containing, plant-cell organelle that captures light energy, which is used to make sugar.
Cytoplasm Constantly moving gelatinlike mixture inside the cell membrane that contains heredity material and is the location of most of a cell's life processes.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Cytoplasmic organelle that moves materials around in a cell and is made up of a complex series of folded membranes; can be rough (with attached ribosomes) or smooth (without attached ribosomes).
Genus First word of the two-word scientific name used to identify a group of similar species.
Golgi Body Organelles that sort and package cellular materials and transport them within the cell or out of the cell.
Homeostasis Ability of an organism to keep proper internal conditions no matter what external stimuli are occurring.
Host Cell Living cell in which a virus can actively multiply or in which a virus can hide until activated by environmental stimuli.
Kingdom First and largest category used to classify organisms.
Mitochondrion Cell organelle where food is broken down, which releases energy.
Nucleus Organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of DNA.
Created by: csanders31
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