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nervous system

TermDefinition
Central nervous system The body's primary information processing system; includes the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral nervous system Network of nerves carrying signals into and out of the central nervous system.
Nerve Bundle or bundles of neuron fibers surrounded by connective tissue.
Stimulus Environmental change that triggers a response.
Sensory neuron Nerve cell that carries information from the environment to the central nervous system.
Sensory receptor Specialized cell that transmits signals to sensory neurons.
Interneuron Nerve cell located entirely in the central nervous system that integrates sensory information and sends a motor commands.
Motor neuron Nerve cell that carries signals from the central nervous system to muscle or gland cells.
Reflex Rapid, automatic response to a stimulus.
Dendrite Neuron fiber that receives signals and carries them toward the cell body.
Axon Neuron fiber that carries electric impulse away from the cell body and toward other cells.
Myelin Sheath Thick coat of material that surrounds and insulates the axon of some neurons.
Node Insulated spaces between the "beads" of a myelin sheath where an action potential can be transmitted.
Resting Potential Voltage across the plasma membrane of a resting neuron.
Depolarization Voltage change that occurs when the difference in charge across a membrane decreases.
Threshold Minimum change in a membrane's voltage that must occur to generate an action potential.
Action potential Change in voltage across the plasma membrane of a neuron resulting in a nerve signal.
Synapse junction between two neurons or a neuron and another cell where electrical or chemical signals are relayed.
Synaptic cleft Tiny space separating a knob of a transmitting neuron form a receiving neuron or other cell.
Neurotransmitter Chemical messenger that carries information from one neuron to another or to another cell.
Created by: 2016pollard
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