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LD MATTER - BIOLOGY

QuestionAnswer
MATTER Anything that takes up space and is made of atoms.
SUBSTANCES Elements and compounds
MIXTURES Heterogeneous and Homogeneous
ELEMENTS Are made up of 1 type of atom and cannot be broken down further
COMPOUNDS Are made up of 2 or more elements chemically joined together.
What are atoms made up of? Protons, Neutrons and electrons
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE Unevenly spread out (ex. sand in water)
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE Evenly spread out (ex. Salt water -ions of Na + Cl dissociate in the water Ex. Air)
SOLUTE Substance being dissolved (ex: Salt)
SOLVENT Liquid that does the dissolving (ex: Water)
TYPES OF MIXTURES Suspensions and colloidal
SUSPENSIONS Separate upon standing (ex: sand in water)
COLLOIDAL Particles do not settle out of solution. (ex: milk, mayonaise, whipped cream).
ACID Has a higher (H+), taste sour. Ex: HCl, H2SO4
BASE Has a higher (OH-), tastes bitter, slippery Ex: NaOH
What type of reaction do you have when you mix an acid and a base? Neutralization reaction which forms a salt.
pH SCALE Used to indicate acid bases, and neutrals
CHEMICAL INDICATORS Substance that changes color to show a change in pH value or a chemical reaction has occurred. Phenolphthalein changes from a colorless to pink when a base in present.
CHEMICAL FORMULAS Shows a ratio of elements
STRUCTURAL FORMULAS Shows arrangement of elements
PROTON "P" inside the nucleus positive (+) charge
NEUTRON "N" no charge/neutral inside the nucleus
ELECTRON "E" outside nucleus negative (-) charge
ATOMIC NUMBER # of protons
ATOMIC MASS P + N - Majority of mass is in the nucleus
HOW DO YOU CALCULATE THE # OF NEUTRONS? Atomic Mass - # of Protons = # of Neutrons
IONIC BONDING Gain or loss of electrons
ISOTOPE An element with a different number of neutrons
RADIOISOTOPE Is an isotope that changes from one isotope to another, usually of a different element.
Created by: desilva13
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