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BIOLOGY

asp 1-E GENETICS, HEREDITY, AND ORGANIZING LIFE

WORDS TO KNOWDEFINITIONS
Allele A form of a gene that determines alternate forms of a trait
Ancestor An earlier organism from which an individual or group has developed
Class Group of related orders of organisms; division of a phylum
Classification A system of grouping organisms based on similar features
Classify To group together
Codominance In heredity, when two genes are present for a trait and neither one is dominant nor recessive
Dominant A gene or trait that always shows itself
Family In classification, a grouping of related genera; a subdivision of order
Genotype The genetic makeup of an individual organism
Genus In classification, a group of related species; subdivision of family
Heterozygous Having two different forms of a gene for the same trait; having a pair of non-identical alleles (Hybrid)
Homozygous Having two identical genes for the same trait; having a pair of identical alleles (Pure)
Kingdom In classification, the most general of the seven levels; currently, there are six
Order In classification, a group of related families
Phenotype Observable (expressed, can physically see) inherited traits
Phylum A level of classification below kingdom; the broadest group with each kingdom
Polygenic traits Traits that are determined by more than one gene
Punnett square A chart used to calculate possible allele combinations
Recessive A gene that is not expressed in the offspring; is represented by a lower case letter
Sex-linked Any trait located on the X chromosome; usually carried by the female and expressed in the male; recessive
Species Any group of organisms that can freely reproduce together and produce viable (fertile) offspring
Taxonomy The system used to classify living things
Zygote A fertilized egg that will develop into a multicellular organism; contains the 2n number of chromosomes; a product of sexual reproduction
Created by: MEL3024
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